Major scaleThe major scale (or Ionian mode) is one of the most commonly used musical scales, especially in Western music. It is one of the diatonic scales. Like many musical scales, it is made up of seven notes: the eighth duplicates the first at double its frequency so that it is called a higher octave of the same note (from Latin "octavus", the eighth). The simplest major scale to write is C major, the only major scale not requiring sharps or flats: The major scale has a central importance in Western music, particularly that of the common practice period and in popular music.
Key (music)In music theory, the key of a piece is the group of pitches, or scale, that forms the basis of a musical composition in Western classical music, art music, and pop music. Tonality (from "Tonic") or key: Music which uses the notes of a particular scale is said to be "in the key of" that scale or in the tonality of that scale. A particular key features a tonic note and its corresponding chords, also called a tonic or tonic chord, which provides a subjective sense of arrival and rest, and also has a unique relationship to the other pitches of the same key, their corresponding chords, and pitches and chords outside the key.
Major seventh chordIn music, a major seventh chord is a seventh chord in which the third is a major third above the root and the seventh is a major seventh above the root. The major seventh chord, sometimes also called a Delta chord, can be written as maj7, M7, , 7, etc. The "7" does not have to be superscripted, but if it is, then any alterations, added tones, or omissions are usually also superscripted. For example, the major seventh chord built on C, commonly written as Cmaj7, has pitches C–E–G–B: { \override Score.
C (musical note)C or Do is the first note and semitone of the C major scale, the third note of the A minor scale (the relative minor of C major), and the fourth note (G, A, B, C) of the Guidonian hand, commonly pitched around 261.63 Hz. The actual frequency has depended on historical pitch standards, and for transposing instruments a distinction is made between written and sounding or concert pitch. It has enharmonic equivalents of B and D. In English the term Do is used interchangeably with C only by adherents of fixed Do solfège; in the movable Do system Do refers to the tonic of the prevailing key.
Intonation justeL'intonation juste est un système d'intonation musicale dans lequel, en principe, tous les intervalles, en particulier toutes les consonances, sont justes. Cet idéal est cependant utopique et l'expression « intonation juste » désigne plutôt un système d'intonation vocale ou instrumentale (ou un système d'accordage) combinant des quintes justes et des tierces justes en nombre nécessairement limité.
Série harmonique (musique)En acoustique musicale et en psychoacoustique, une série harmonique est la série des partiels harmoniques qui composent un son périodique complexe. Les instruments de musique à hauteur déterminée (par opposition aux instruments à hauteur indéterminée) sont souvent basés sur un résonateur acoustique tel qu'une corde ou une colonne d'air, qui oscille dans de nombreux modes propres simultanément. Aux fréquences de chaque mode de vibration, des ondes se propagent dans les deux sens le long de la corde ou de la colonne d'air, se renforçant et s'annulant mutuellement pour former des ondes stationnaires.
Treizième (musique)In music or music theory, a thirteenth is the note thirteen scale degrees from the root of a chord and also the interval between the root and the thirteenth. The thirteenth is most commonly major or minor . A thirteenth chord is the stacking of six (major or minor) thirds, the last being above the 11th of an eleventh chord. Thus a thirteenth chord is a tertian (built from thirds) chord containing the interval of a thirteenth, and is an extended chord if it includes the ninth and/or the eleventh.
Quart de tonEn musique, un quart de ton est un intervalle équivalent (logarithmiquement) à la moitié du demi-ton, ce dernier équivalant à la moitié du ton. Il en résulte qu'on peut altérer les notes avec des demi-dièses ou des demi-bémols. Le quart de ton était utilisé dans certaines échelles de la musique grecque antique. Ce type de quart de ton — appartenant au genre dit enharmonique — est appelé diésis. Son étendue varie selon les théoriciens : 36/35, 28/27, 39/38, 40/39, 31/30, 32/31. Voir Le genre dans la musique de la Grèce antique.
Interval cycleIn music, an interval cycle is a collection of pitch classes created from a sequence of the same interval class. In other words, a collection of pitches by starting with a certain note and going up by a certain interval until the original note is reached (e.g. starting from C, going up by 3 semitones repeatedly until eventually C is again reached - the cycle is the collection of all the notes met on the way). In other words, interval cycles "unfold a single recurrent interval in a series that closes with a return to the initial pitch class".
Interval ratioIn music, an interval ratio is a ratio of the frequencies of the pitches in a musical interval. For example, a just perfect fifth (for example C to G) is 3:2 (), 1.5, and may be approximated by an equal tempered perfect fifth () which is 27/12 (about 1.498). If the A above middle C is 440 Hz, the perfect fifth above it would be E, at (440*1.5=) 660 Hz, while the equal tempered E5 is 659.255 Hz.
