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Concept
Bootstrapping
Résumé
In general, bootstrapping usually refers to a self-starting process that is supposed to continue or grow without external input.
Tall boots may have a tab, loop or handle at the top known as a bootstrap, allowing one to use fingers or a boot hook tool to help pull the boots on. The saying "to " was already in use during the 19th century as an example of an impossible task. The idiom dates at least to 1834, when it appeared in the Workingman's Advocate: "It is conjectured that Mr. Murphee will now be enabled to hand himself over the Cumberland river or a barn yard fence by the straps of his boots." In 1860 it appeared in a comment on philosophy of mind: "The attempt of the mind to analyze itself [is] an effort analogous to one who would lift himself by his own bootstraps." Bootstrap as a metaphor, meaning to better oneself by one's own unaided efforts, was in use in 1922. This metaphor spawned additional metaphors for a series of self-sustaining processes that proceed without external help.
The term is sometimes attributed to a story in Rudolf Erich Raspe's The Surprising Adventures of Baron Munchausen, but in that story Baron Munchausen pulls himself (and his horse) out of a swamp by his hair (specifically, his pigtail), not by his bootstraps - and no explicit reference to bootstraps has been found elsewhere in the various versions of the Munchausen tales.
In computer technology, the term bootstrapping refers to language compilers that are able to be coded in the same language. (For example, a C compiler is now written in the C language. Once the basic compiler is written, improvements can be iteratively made, thus pulling the language up by its bootstraps).
Also, booting usually refers to the process of loading the basic software into the memory of a computer after power-on or general reset, the kernel will load the operating system which will then take care of loading other device drivers and software as needed.
Booting and Reboot (computing)
Booting is the process of starting a computer, specifically with regard to starting its software.
Source officielle
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Publications associées (1)
TFHE: Fast Fully Homomorphic Encryption Over the Torus
This work describes a fast fully homomorphic encryption scheme over the torus (TFHE) that revisits, generalizes and improves the fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) based on GSW and its ring variants.
SPRINGER2020Personnes associées (5)
Concepts associés (9)
Système d'exploitation
En informatique, un système d'exploitation (souvent appelé OS — de l'anglais operating system — ou parfois SE — en français) est un ensemble de programmes qui dirige l'utilisation des ressources d'un ordinateur par des logiciels applicatifs. Il reçoit des demandes d'utilisation des ressources de l'ordinateur de la part des logiciels applicatifs. Le système d'exploitation gère les demandes ainsi que les ressources nécessaires évitant les interférences entre les logiciels.
Bootstrapping
In general, bootstrapping usually refers to a self-starting process that is supposed to continue or grow without external input. Tall boots may have a tab, loop or handle at the top known as a bootstrap, allowing one to use fingers or a boot hook tool to help pull the boots on. The saying "to " was already in use during the 19th century as an example of an impossible task. The idiom dates at least to 1834, when it appeared in the Workingman's Advocate: "It is conjectured that Mr.
Firmware
thumb|Une télécommande contient un firmware. Dans un système informatique, un firmware (ou micrologiciel, microprogramme, microcode, logiciel interne ou encore logiciel embarqué) est un programme intégré dans un matériel informatique (ordinateur, photocopieur, automate (API, APS), disque dur, routeur, appareil photo numérique, etc.) pour qu'il puisse fonctionner. Le mot anglais firmware est issu de firm (« résistant » ou « ferme », en anglais) et de software (logiciel, programme informatique).