Analyse entrée-sortieL'analyse entrée-sortie, ou analyse entrées-sorties, est une modélisation économique utilisant le tableau entrées-sorties (TES) permettant de prévoir l'influence des changements dans un secteur d'activité particulier ou des changements de consommation sur le reste de l'économie. Il donne une représentation cohérente de la production nationale. Le tableau entrées-sorties a été conçu par le français François Quesnay au dans son Tableau économique (1759).
Calculation in kindNOTOC Calculation in kind or calculation in-natura is a way of valuating resources and a system of accounting that uses disaggregated physical magnitudes as opposed to a common unit of calculation. As the basis for a socialist economy, it was proposed to replace money and financial calculation. In an in-kind economy products are produced for their use values (their utility) and accounted in physical terms. By contrast, in money-based economies, commodities are produced for their exchange value and accounted in monetary terms.
Social dividendThe social dividend is the return on the natural resources and capital assets owned by society in a socialist economy. The concept notably appears as a key characteristic of market socialism, where it takes the form of a dividend payment to each citizen derived from the property income generated by publicly owned enterprises, representing the individual's share of the capital and natural resources owned by society. Although the social dividend concept has not yet been applied on a large scale, similar policies have been adopted on a limited basis.
Production for useProduction for use is a phrase referring to the principle of economic organization and production taken as a defining criterion for a socialist economy. It is held in contrast to production for profit. This criterion is used to distinguish communism from capitalism, and is one of the fundamental defining characteristics of communism. This principle is broad and can refer to an array of different configurations that vary based on the underlying theory of economics employed.
Perspectives on capitalism by school of thoughtThroughout modern history, a variety of perspectives on capitalism have evolved based on different schools of thought. Adam Smith was one of the first influential writers on the topic with his book The Wealth of Nations, which is generally considered to be the start of classical economics which emerged in the 18th century. To the contrary, Karl Marx considered capitalism to be a historically specific mode of production and considered capitalism a phase of economic development that would pass and be replaced by communism.
Contrôle ouvrierLe contrôle ouvrier est une participation à long terme des salariés dans leur entreprise à sa gestion. Il a été revendiqué par les anarchistes, les socialistes, les communistes, les sociaux-démocrates et les chrétiens-démocrates. Il a été associé à divers courants socialistes (surtout au communisme) ainsi qu'aux systèmes d'économie mixte. Il s'agit d'une action permanente menée par les salariés, sur le lieu même du travail, pour permettre à ces derniers de se rendre compte, aussi exactement que possible, du fonctionnement intérieur et détaillé des entreprises industrielles et commerciales.
Grève généralevignette|Affiche appelant à la grève générale le 5 décembre 2019 dans une rue de Villeurbanne. La grève générale est une grève interprofessionnelle touchant en principe tous les travailleurs dans un pays. N'étant jamais complète, l'expression a ensuite signifié une grève interprofessionnelle nationale de grande ampleur, voire très étendue au seul niveau d'une région ou d'une ville. vignette|droite|En 1901, à Barcelone, le pédagogue libertaire Francisco Ferrer publie le premier numéro de La Huelga General (La Grève générale) destiné à promouvoir le syndicalisme révolutionnaire.
Material balance planningMaterial balances are a method of economic planning where material supplies are accounted for in natural units (as opposed to using monetary accounting) and used to balance the supply of available inputs with targeted outputs. Material balancing involves taking a survey of the available inputs and raw materials in an economy and then using a balance sheet to balance the inputs with output targets specified by industry to achieve a balance between supply and demand.
Socialist mode of productionThe socialist mode of production, sometimes referred to as the communist mode of production, or simply (Marxian) socialism or communism as Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels used the terms communism and socialism interchangeably, is a specific historical phase of economic development and its corresponding set of social relations that emerge from capitalism in the schema of historical materialism within Marxist theory. The Marxist definition of socialism is that of production for use-value (i.e.
Soviet-type economic planningSoviet-type economic planning (STP) is the specific model of centralized planning employed by Marxist–Leninist socialist states modeled on the economy of the Soviet Union (USSR). The post-perestroika analysis of the system of the Soviet economic planning describes it as the administrative-command system due to the de facto priority of highly centralized management over planning.
