The Sinhala script (Siṁhala Akṣara Mālāva), also known as Sinhalese script, is a writing system used by the Sinhalese people and most Sri Lankans in Sri Lanka and elsewhere to write the Sinhala language as well as the liturgical languages Pali and Sanskrit. The Sinhalese Akṣara Mālāva, one of the Brahmic scripts, is a descendant of the Ancient Indian Brahmi script. It is also related to the Grantha script.
The Sinhala script is an abugida written from left to right. Sinhala letters are classified in two sets. The core set of letters forms the alphabet (Pure Sinhala, ශුද්ධ සිංහල), which is a subset of the alphabet (Mixed Sinhala, මිශ්ර සිංහල).
The Sinhala script is a Brahmi derivate and was thought to have been imported from Northern India around the 3rd century BCE. It developed in a complex manner, partly independently but also strongly influenced by South Indian scripts at various stages, manifestly influenced by the early Grantha script. Pottery from the 6th century BCE has been found in Anuradhapura with lithic Brahmi inscriptions written in Prakrit or Sinhala Prakrit. It has caused debate as to whether Ceylonese Brahmi influenced Brahmi in the indian mainland.
Medieval Sinhalese, which emerged around 750 AD, is marked by very strong influence from the Grantha script. Subsequently, Medieval (and modern) Sinhalese resemble the South Indian scripts. By the 9th century CE, literature written in the Sinhala script had emerged and the script began to be used in other contexts. For instance, the Buddhist literature of the Theravada-Buddhists of Sri Lanka, written in Pali, used Sinhala script.
Modern Sinhalese emerged in the 13th century and is marked by the composition of the grammar book Sidat Sangara. In 1736, the Dutch were the first to print with Sinhala type on the island. The resulting type followed the features of the native Sinhala script used on palm leaves. The Dutch created type was monolinear and geometric in fashion, with no separation between words in early documents.
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La brahmi (brāhmī) est un système d'écriture (ou plutôt un ensemble de systèmes) alphasyllabaire, qui semble dater du La brahmi est la plus ancienne parente des systèmes d'écriture brahmiques, nées en Inde. Ce système d'écriture est l'ancêtre de la plupart des écritures de l'Inde, du Bengladesh, du Népal, du Bhoutan et de l'Asie du sud-est, de Chine (avec notamment les régions de culture tibétaine et dai), ainsi que lors de la courte utilisation de l'écriture 'phags-pa sous la dynastie mongole Yuan et a peut-être inspiré le hangeul coréen.
The Brahmic scripts, also known as Indic scripts, are a family of abugida writing systems. They are used throughout the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia and parts of East Asia. They are descended from the Brahmi script of ancient India and are used by various languages in several language families in South, East and Southeast Asia: Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, Tibeto-Burman, Mongolic, Austroasiatic, Austronesian, and Tai. They were also the source of the dictionary order (gojūon) of Japanese kana.
L’alphasyllabaire odia est un système d'écriture de type alphasyllabaire utilisé généralement pour écrire l'odia (anciennement appelé oriya). Il s'appelle aussi Utkala Lipi (en odia : ଉତ୍କଳ ଲିପି) ou Utkalakshara (en odia : ଉତ୍କଳାକ୍ଷର). il peut également servir à transcrire d'autres langues de l'Inde, comme le sanskrit, notamment dans l'Odisha. Il date au moins du . Il provient de la brahmi (comme de nombreuses écritures de l'Inde), par l'intermédiaire de l'.
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