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Concept
Thunnini
Résumé
A tuna (: tunas or tuna) is a saltwater fish that belongs to the tribe Thunnini, a subgrouping of the Scombridae (mackerel) family. The Thunnini comprise 15 species across five genera, the sizes of which vary greatly, ranging from the bullet tuna (max length: , weight: ) up to the Atlantic bluefin tuna (max length: , weight: ), which averages and is believed to live up to 50 years.
Tuna, opah and mackerel sharks are the only species of fish that can maintain a body temperature higher than that of the surrounding water. An active and agile predator, the tuna has a sleek, streamlined body, and is among the fastest-swimming pelagic fish – the yellowfin tuna, for example, is capable of speeds of up to . Greatly inflated speeds can be found in early scientific reports and are still widely reported in the popular literature.
Found in warm seas, the tuna is commercially fished extensively as a food fish, and is popular as a bluewater game fish. As a result of overfishing, some tuna species, such as the southern bluefin tuna, are threatened with extinction.
The term "tuna" comes from Spanish atún < Andalusian Arabic at-tūn, assimilated from al-tūn التون [Modern Arabic التن] : 'tuna fish' < Middle Latin thunnus. Thunnus is derived from thýnnos used for the Atlantic bluefin tuna, that name in turn is ultimately derived from θύνω thýnō, meaning "to rush, dart along".
The Thunnini tribe is a monophyletic clade comprising 15 species in five genera:
family Scombridae
tribe Thunnini: tunas
genus Allothunnus: slender tunas
genus Auxis: frigate tunas
genus Euthynnus: little tunas
genus Katsuwonus: skipjack tunas
genus Thunnus: albacores and true tunas
subgenus Thunnus (Thunnus): bluefin group
subgenus Thunnus (Neothunnus): yellowfin group
The cladogram is a tool for visualizing and comparing the evolutionary relationships between taxa, and is read left-to-right as if on a timeline. The following cladogram illustrates the relationship between the tunas and other tribes of the family Scombridae.
Source officielle
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