Energy consumption

Résumé

Energy consumption is the amount of energy used. Biology In the body, energy consumption is part of energy homeostasis. It derived from food energy. Energy consumption in the body is a product of the basal metabolic rate and the physical activity level. The physical activity level are defined for a non-pregnant, non-lactating adult as that person's total energy expenditure (TEE) in a 24-hour period, divided by his or her basal metabolic rate (BMR): :\text{PAL}=\frac{\text{TEE/24h}}{\text{BMR}} Demographics Topics related to energy consumption in a demographic sense are:

World energy supply and consumption
Domestic energy consumption
Electric energy consumption

Effects of energy consumption

Environmental impact of the energy industry ** Climate change
White's law

Reduction of energy consumption

Energy conservation, the practice of decreasing the quantity of energy used
Efficient energy use

Generic Occupancy Sensor

Sélim Cédric Kamal

The goal of this project was to work on room occupancy and to provide solutions and ideas on how to detect if a room is occupied or not using generic and non expensive sensors. This is motivated by the fact that buildings account for 50% of the total energy consumption in the US and 30% of it is wasted mainly due to a bad management of light, heating, cooling and ventilation systems. Being able to know if rooms are occupied or not would then enable us to automatize these systems and make them more energy efficient. The sensors studied in the process were a CO2, relative humidity and temperature sensor, a camera, a WiFi sniffer and a PIR(Passive infrared) sensor. All of them were implemented and tested to see how they could measure occupancy. After analyzing each sensor alone we had to combine them to obtain the best possible accuracy. To do so, two methods were tried. The first using all the sensors mentioned was tested and the accuracy achieved was 93%. The second was based on the use of neural network on images provided by the camera to detect people and the accuracy was 97%.

2021

Chargement

Electrical machines consumed the amount of 9’346 TWh in 2019, corresponding to more than 40% of the total global electricity consumption. With the growing demand for automation of production lines and electrification of the transport industry, this value is likely to increase in the next years. Improving the performance of electrical machines will and already plays a key role in better managing our society’s energy consumption. In order to achieve this, in this work I develop the premises of a new Topology Optimization (TO) framework based on the method of moving morphable components (MMC). It allows to automatically design the best shapes of the motor’s components. Initially developed for structural mechanics, TO directly investigate the ideal distribution of material in space. This novel method often results in organic shapes. The goal of this project is to adapt an already existing TO framework from [9] adapted and written in Python, to design the winding of a linear motor.

2022

Chargement

2008

Chargement