Air Pollution Control Act of 1955

Résumé

The Air Pollution Control Act of 1955 (, ch. 360, ) was the first U.S. federal law to address the national environmental problem of air pollution. This was "an act to provide research and technical assistance relating to air pollution control". The act "left states principally in charge of prevention and control of air pollution at the source". The act declared that air pollution was a danger to public health and welfare, but preserved the "primary responsibilities and rights of the states and local government in controlling air pollution". The act put the federal government in a purely informational role, authorizing the United States Surgeon General to conduct research, investigate, and pass out information "relating to air pollution and the prevention and abatement thereof". Therefore, The Air Pollution Control Act contained no provisions for the federal government to actively combat air pollution by punishing polluters. The next Congressional statement on air pollution would com

Source officielle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_Pollution_Control_Act_of_1955

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Ozone LIDAR as an analytical tool in effective air pollution management. The Geneva 96 campaign

Bertrand Calpini, Valentin Simeonov, Hubert van den Bergh

The LIDAR principle for air quality and meteorol. measurements is presented, followed by different examples of vertical O3 profiles and time series obtained with a new optical layout of the EPFL-LPAS DIAL system using dual telescope detection. These data were obtained during the summer 96 field campaign in the Geneva area. Results are compared with the meso-scale Eulerian model calcns. The results provide new insight into air pollution dynamics in the Geneva area and calcns. are under way, using the model adjusted by the measurements, to optimize air pollution abatement strategies under certain atm. conditions in this part of Switzerland.

1997

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Integrating Qualitative and Quantitative Methods in Participatory Modeling to Elicit Behavioral Drivers in Environmental Dilemmas: the Case of Air Pollution in Talca, Chile

Franziska Meinherz

The aim of this paper is to contribute to the exploration of environmental modeling methods based on the elicitation of stakeholders’ mental models. This aim is motivated by the necessity to understand the dilemmas and behavioral rationales of individuals for supporting the management of environmental problems. The methodology developed for this paper integrates qualitative and quantitative methods by deploying focus groups for the elicitation of the behavioral rationales of the target population, and grounded theory to code the information gained in the focus groups and to guide the development of a dynamic simulation model. The approach is applied to a case of urban air pollution caused by residential heating with wood in central Chile. The results show how the households’ behavior interrelates with the governmental management strategies and provide valuable and novel insights into potential challenges to the implementation of policies to manage the local air pollution problem. The experience further shows that the developed participatory modeling approach allows to overcome some of the issues currently encountered in the elicitation of individuals’ behavioral rationales and in the quantification of qualitative information.

2018

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