Écritures brahmiquesThe Brahmic scripts, also known as Indic scripts, are a family of abugida writing systems. They are used throughout the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia and parts of East Asia. They are descended from the Brahmi script of ancient India and are used by various languages in several language families in South, East and Southeast Asia: Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, Tibeto-Burman, Mongolic, Austroasiatic, Austronesian, and Tai. They were also the source of the dictionary order (gojūon) of Japanese kana.
BrahmiLa brahmi (brāhmī) est un système d'écriture (ou plutôt un ensemble de systèmes) alphasyllabaire, qui semble dater du La brahmi est la plus ancienne parente des systèmes d'écriture brahmiques, nées en Inde. Ce système d'écriture est l'ancêtre de la plupart des écritures de l'Inde, du Bengladesh, du Népal, du Bhoutan et de l'Asie du sud-est, de Chine (avec notamment les régions de culture tibétaine et dai), ainsi que lors de la courte utilisation de l'écriture 'phags-pa sous la dynastie mongole Yuan et a peut-être inspiré le hangeul coréen.
Lipi (script)Lipi (लिपि) means 'writing, letters, alphabet', and contextually refers to scripts, the art or manner of writing, or in modified form such as lipī (लिपी) to painting, decorating or anointing a surface to express something. The term lipi appears in multiple texts of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism, some of which have been dated to the 1st millennium BCE. Section 3.2.21 of Pāṇini's Aṣṭādhyāyī, composed before the mid 4th century BCE, for example, mentions lipi in the context of writing.
AlkhonLes Alkhon (αλχοννο, alkhonno), Alxon (-xon/-khon signifiant probablement Hun), Alchon, Alakhana ou Walxon, dénommés ainsi d'après le terme (αλχοννο alkhonno) apparaissant sur leur monnaie, parfois aussi appelés Huns iraniens, sont un peuple Hun. Ils ont remplacé au le Royaume kidarite dans une zone géographique correspondant au Nord-Ouest de l'Inde actuelle, au Nord du Pakistan et à l'Afghanistan et ont disparu politiquement au . Ce groupe est appelé « Hūṇas » dans les sources indiennes et a longtemps été confondu avec les Hephthallites.
YashodharmanYashodharman (Gupta script: Ya-śo-dha-rmma, ) (r. 515 – 545) was a ruler of Malwa, in Central India, during the early part of the 6th century. He probably belonged to the Second Aulikara dynasty. He conquered much of the Indian subcontinent between c. 530-540 AD according to Mandsaur pillar inscription. Battle of Sondani Towards the end of the 5th century, India came under attack from the Hunas. Yashodharman and possibly the Gupta emperor, Narasimhagupta, defeated a Huna army and their ruler Mihirakula in 528 AD and drove them out of India.
GurmukhiLa gourmoukhî ou gurmukhi (pa ɡʊɾmʊkhi) est l'alphasyllabaire le plus utilisé en Inde pour écrire le pendjabi. Elle est dérivée de l'écriture landa et a été fixée par le deuxième guru sikh, Angad, au . Le Guru Granth Sahib, livre saint du sikhisme, est entièrement écrit en gurmukhi. Le nom « gurmukhi » vient du pendjabi « gurumukhī » signifiant « de la bouche du Guru ». L'alphasyllabaire moderne compte 41 consonnes (vianjan), 9 symboles de voyelles (lāga mātrā), 2 symboles de nasalisation (bindī et ṭippī) et un symbole doublant le son d'une consonne (addak).
Assamese alphabetThe Assamese alphabet (অসমীয়া বৰ্ণমালা, Oxomiya bornomala) is a writing system of the Assamese language and is a part of the Bengali-Assamese script. This script was also used in Assam and nearby regions for Sanskrit as well as other languages such as Bodo (now Devanagari), Khasi (now Roman), Mising (now Roman), Jaintia (now Roman) etc. It evolved from Kamarupi script. The current form of the script has seen continuous development from the 5th-century Umachal/Nagajari-Khanikargaon rock inscriptions written in an eastern variety of the Gupta script, adopting significant traits from the Siddhaṃ script in the 7th century.
NarasimhaguptaNarasimhagupta (Gupta script: Na-ra-si-ṅha-gu-pta) Baladitya was an emperor of the Gupta Empire of North India. He was son of Purugupta and probably the successor of Budhagupta. Battle of Sondani According to the Chinese monk Xuanzang, Narasimhagupta had to pay tribute to the Huna king Mihirakula. Finally, Baladitya along with Yasodharman of Malwa is credited with driving the Alchon Huns from the plains of North India according to the Chinese monk Xuanzang.
Khojki scriptKhojkī, Khojakī, or Khwājā Sindhī (خوجڪي (Arabic script) खोजकी (Devanagari)), is a script used formerly and almost exclusively by the Khoja community of parts of the Indian subcontinent, including Sindh, Gujarat, and Punjab. However, this script also had a further reach and was used by members of Ismaili communities from Burma to East and South Africa. The name "Khojki" is likely derived from the Persian word khoja, which means "master", or "lord".
