Concept

Big-game fishing

Résumé
Big-game fishing, also known as offshore sportfishing, offshore gamefishing or blue-water fishing, is a form of recreational fishing targeting large game fish, usually on a large body of water such as a sea or ocean. Big-game fishing started as a sport after the invention of the motorboat. Charles Frederick Holder, a marine biologist and early conservationist, is credited with founding the sport in 1898. He went on to publish many articles and books on the subject, noted for their combination of accurate scientific detail with exciting narratives. Purpose-built game fishing boats appeared early in the 20th century. An example is the Crete, in use at Catalina Island, California, in 1915, and shipped to Hawaii the following year. According to a newspaper report at that time, the Crete had "... a deep cockpit, a chair fitted for landing big fish and leather pockets for placing the pole." The billfish (swordfish, marlin and sailfish), larger tunas (bluefin, yellowfin and bigeye) and sharks (mako, bull, great white, tiger, hammerhead and other large species) are the main species recognized as big-game fish. Many anglers also consider the Atlantic tarpon also a big-game species. Smaller game fish, such as dolphinfish, wahoo, smaller tuna species such as albacore and skipjack tuna and barracuda are commonly caught as bycatch or taken deliberately for use as live or dead bait and/or chum. Historically most of the locations where the sport was developed, such as Avalon, California; Florida; Bimini in the Bahamas; Cairns, Queensland, Australia; northern New Zealand; Panama; Wedgeport in Nova Scotia and Kona in Hawaii, benefited from the presence of large numbers of gamefish relatively close to shore, within range of the boats of that era. As the vessels used for sportfishing became larger, faster, longer-ranged and more seaworthy, big-game species are now pursued on grounds ranging from 60 or 70 miles' distance from port, such as the submarine canyons of the United States continental shelf, to hundreds of miles as in the case of the San Diego long range fishery, where large live-aboard vessels range far out into the Pacific searching for tuna schools.
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