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Musique de la période classique

La musique de la période classique recouvre par convention la musique écrite entre la mort de Johann Sebastian Bach soit 1750 et le début de la période romantique, soit les années 1820. Par extension, on appelle « musique classique » (ou grande musique) toute la musique savante européenne, de la musique du Moyen Âge à la musique contemporaine. Il convient donc de bien dissocier la musique de style classique (dont les compositeurs phares sont Christoph Willibald Gluck, Michael Haydn, Leopold Mozart, Karl Ditters von Dittersdorf, Jean-Baptiste Vanhal, Georg Christoph Wagenseil, Georg Mathias Monn, Johann Gottlieb Graun, Carl Heinrich Graun, Franz Benda, Georg Anton Benda, Johann Georg Albrechtsberger, Luigi Boccherini, Muzio Clementi, François-Joseph Gossec, Étienne Nicolas Méhul, François-Adrien Boieldieu, Joseph Bologne de Saint-George, Ferdinand Hérold, Niccolò Piccinni, Giovanni Paisiello, Domenico Cimarosa, François-André Danican Philidor, Pierre-Alexandre Monsigny, André Grétry, Lu

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Contribution to the ergodic theory of piecewise monotone continuous maps

Bastien Faller

This thesis is devoted to the ergodic theory of the piecewise monotone continuous maps of the interval. The coding is a classical approach for these maps. Thanks to the coding, we get a symbolic dynamical system which is almost isomorphic to the initial dynamical system. The principle of the coding is very similar to the one of expansion of real numbers. We first define the coding in a perspective similar to the one of the expansions of real numbers; this perspective was already adopted by Rényi and Parry in their papers about the expansions of numbers. Then we present the theory of Hofbauer about the links between the ergodic properties of a piecewise monotone continuous map of the interval and the corresponding symbolic dynamical system. We prove that there is a bijection between the sets of measures of maximal entropy of these two dynamical systems. We apply these results to the study of two families of maps: first the maps Tα,β(x) := βx + α mod 1, then the maps we will call generalized β-transformations. For the family of maps Tα,β, we describe in detail the family of symbolic dynamical systems obtained by the coding. Then we turn to the question of normality of the orbits for the maps Tα,β. Finally we study the generalized β-transformations: we prove that most of them have a a unique measure of maximal entropy, then we also study the normality of the orbits for theses maps.

EPFL2008

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Reading and writing single-atom magnets

Donat Fabian Natterer

The single-atom bit represents the ultimate limit of the classical approach to high-density magnetic storage media. So far, the smallest individually addressable bistable magnetic bits have consisted of 3-12 atoms(1-3). Long magnetic relaxation times have been demonstrated for single lanthanide atoms in molecular magnets(4-12), for lanthanides diluted in bulk crystals(13), and recently for ensembles of holmium (Ho) atoms supported on magnesium oxide (MgO)(14). These experiments suggest a path towards data storage at the atomic limit, but the way in which individual magnetic centres are accessed remains unclear. Here we demonstrate the reading and writing of the magnetism of individual Ho atoms on MgO, and show that they independently retain their magnetic information over many hours. We read the Ho states using tunnel magnetoresistance(15,16) and write the states with current pulses using a scanning tunnelling microscope. The magnetic origin of the long-lived states is confirmed by single-atom electron spin resonance(17) on a nearby iron sensor atom, which also shows that Ho has a large out-of-plane moment of 10.1 +/- 0.1 Bohr magnetons on this surface. To demonstrate independent reading and writing, we built an atomic-scale structure with two Ho bits, to which we write the four possible states and which we read out both magnetoresistively and remotely by electron spin resonance. The high magnetic stability combined with electrical reading and writing shows that single-atom magnetic memory is indeed possible.

Nature Publishing Group2017

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Accelerated autofocusing of off-axis holograms using critical sampling

Christian Depeursinge, Marcel Egli, Jérôme Parent, Stéphane Richard, Muhammed Fatih Toy

In this Letter we propose a fast off-axis hologram autofocusing (AF) approach that is based on the redundant data elimination by the critical resampling of the contained complex field. Implementation of the proposed methodology enables the real-time AF with up to 12x speed-up factors in comparison to the classical approach. The method is further extended for single-shot physical autofocus of the fluorescence imaging channel of multimodal imaging instruments capable of off-axis hologram acquisition. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America

Optical Society of America2012

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PHYS-201(b): General physics : electromagnetism

Introduction à la mécanique des fluides, à l'électromagnétisme et aux phénomènes ondulatoires

ENV-410: Science of climate change

The course equips students with a comprehensive scientific understanding of climate change covering a wide range of topics from physical principles, historical climate change, greenhouse gas emissions, the IPCC assessment to future scenarios and climate action.

PHYS-425: Quantum physics III

To introduce several advanced topics in quantum physics, including semiclassical approximation, path integral, scattering theory, and relativistic quantum mechanics

Musique classique

thumb|250px|Une vingtaine de compositeurs de musique classique, parmi les plus importants couvrant la période du .(De gauche à droite, de haut en bas : — Antonio Vivaldi, Jean-Sébastien Bach, Georg Fr

Musique de chambre

Une œuvre de musique de chambre est une composition musicale destinée à un petit ensemble de cordes, bois, cuivres ou percussions, qui traditionnellement et avant l'affirmation des concerts publics,

Accord (musique)

En musique, un accord est un ensemble de notes considéré comme formant un tout du point de vue de l'harmonie. Le plus souvent, ces notes sont simultanées, superposées en un même moment ; mais les ac