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Concept
Komsomolsk-sur-l'Amour
Résumé
Komsomolsk-on-Amur (Комсомольск-на-Амуре) is a city in Khabarovsk Krai, Russia, located on the west bank of the Amur River in the Russian Far East. It is located on the Baikal-Amur Mainline, northeast of Khabarovsk. Population:
The city and its suburbs stretch for over along the left bank of the Amur River. The river at this point is up to wide. Lake Khummi is located southeast of the city.
The distance to Khabarovsk—the administrative center of the krai—is ; to the Pacific Ocean—about . The nearest other major town is Amursk, about south.
It is about east of Moscow, and lies at the eastern end of the BAM Railway.
The future site of Komsomolsk-on-Amur was conquered by the Mongols in the 13th century, becoming part of the Mongol Empire under the Mongol Yuan Dynasty. It was later held by the Manchus until the area was ceded to the Russian Empire in the treaty of Aigun in 1858. The village of Permskoye (Пе́рмское) was established on the later site of Komsomolsk in 1860 by migrant peasants from what is now the Perm Krai.
The government of the Russian SFSR announced in 1931 plans to construct a shipyard on the Amur at the present site of Komsomolsk, with construction beginning in 1932. The town was largely built using volunteer labor from the Communist youth organization Komsomol (and after 1991, the Russian Communist Youth League), thus receiving the name Komsomolsk. However, the construction of the town was aided with the use of penal labour from the prison camps situated in the area. The suffix on Amur was added to differentiate from other towns with the same name. It was granted town status in 1933.
By the end of the 1940s, the shipyards along with facilities for other heavy industry had been completed. The city developed into a regional center for industries such as aircraft manufacturing, metallurgy, machinery, oil refining, and shipbuilding. At present, Komsomolsk-on-Amur is the main center for the manufacture of Sukhoi military aircraft and the Sukhoi Superjet airliner. The MiG-15bis and the Lisunov Li-2 were both manufactured in Komsomolsk-on-Amur.
Source officielle
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