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Concept
Sholom Dovber Schneersohn
Résumé
Sholom Dovber Schneersohn (שלום דובער שניאורסאהן) was the fifth Rebbe (spiritual leader) of the Chabad Lubavitch chasidic movement. He is known as "the Rebbe Rashab" (for Reb Sholom Ber). His teachings represent the emergence of an emphasis on outreach that later Chabad Rebbes developed into a major theme.
Schneersohn was born in Lubavitch, on 20 Cheshvan 5621 (24 October, 1860), the second son of Shmuel Schneersohn, the fourth Chabad Rebbe. In 1882, when his father died, he was not quite 22 years old, and his brother Reb Zalman Aharon was not much older. A period followed, during which both brothers fulfilled some of the tasks of a rebbe, but neither felt ready to take on the title and responsibilities. Over this period he gradually took on more responsibilities, particularly in dealing with the impact of the May Laws regarding the Jews, and on Rosh Hashanah 5643 (10 September 1892 OS) he accepted the leadership of the Lubavitch movement.
Schneersohn married his cousin, Shterna Sara Schneersohn. She was the daughter of Rabbi Yosef Yitzchok Schneersohn of Avorutch, a son of the Tzemach Tzedek. They had one son whom they named Yosef Yitzchok after Shterna Sara's father. Yosef Yitzchok later succeeded his father as Rebbe.
In 1903, Schneersohn spent two months in Vienna, where he met Sigmund Freud for consultation. Freud referred him to Wilhelm Steckel, who employed electrotherapy. This rabbi told Steckel that from 6 until his marriage at age 13, he was sexually molested by one of his attendants. The trauma engendered a severe neurosis, causing the paralysis of Schneersohn's left hand. The treatment had some success, restoring some feeling to the hand, but the rabbi could not stay in Vienna for longer than two months. When Schneersohn returned home, he attempted to continue his treatment with a small machine that he had purchased in Vienna, but experienced no further improvement and eventually gave up.
In 1916, as the fighting in World War I neared Lubavitch, Schneersohn was deported to Rostov-on-Don.
Source officielle
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