Trouble de la communication

A communication disorder is any disorder that affects an individual's ability to comprehend, detect, or apply language and speech to engage in dialogue effectively with others. The delays and disorders can range from simple sound substitution to the inability to understand or use one's native language. Disorders and tendencies included and excluded under the category of communication disorders may vary by source. For example, the definitions offered by the American Speech–Language–Hearing Association differ from those of the Diagnostic Statistical Manual 4th edition (DSM-IV). Gleanson (2001) defines a communication disorder as a speech and language disorder which refers to problems in communication and in related areas such as oral motor function. The delays and disorders can range from simple sound substitution to the inability to understand or use one's native language. In general, communication disorders commonly refer to problems in speech (comprehension and/or expression) that significantly interfere with an individual's achievement and/or quality of life. Knowing the operational definition of the agency performing an assessment or giving a diagnosis may help. Persons who speak more than one language or are considered to have an accent in their location of residence do not have a speech disorder if they are speaking in a manner consistent with their home environment or that is a blending of their home and foreign environment. According to the DSM-IV-TR, communication disorders are usually first diagnosed in childhood or adolescence, though they are not limited as childhood disorders and may persist into adulthood. They may also occur with other disorders. Diagnosis involves testing and evaluation during which it is determined if the scores/performance are "substantially below" developmental expectations and if they "significantly" interfere with academic achievement, social interactions, and daily living. This assessment may also determine if the characteristic is deviant or delayed.

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Concepts associés (19)

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Orthophonie

L'orthophonie (ortho : « droit », phonè : « son »), ou logopédie (logos : « parole », paideia : « éducation ») en Belgique et en Suisse, est une profession paramédicale, pratiquée par des orthophonistes uniquement avec prescription médicale en France et au Canada, des logopèdes en Belgique et des logopédistes en Suisse, et liée à un champ d'expertises et de pratiques thérapeutiques spécialisées dans l'évaluation et le traitement des troubles de la communication que ce soit à la voix, à la parole et au langa

Trouble de la communication

Trouble de la parole

Un trouble de la parole est un problème de communication lié à la parole. Il s'agit d'un trouble caractérisé par l'impossibilité d'émettre un son articulé et modulé dont l'enchaînement des syllabes constitue des mots compréhensibles. Un trouble de la parole génère donc un trouble du langage. Une personne dans l'incapacité de parler à cause d'un trouble de la parole est désignée comme muette.

Evaluating Latency of Distributed Algorithms Using Petri Nets N. Sergent The time it takes to a distributed algorithm to finish (the distributed algorithm latency) cannot be directly measured in asynchronous systems if the algorithm starts and ends on different processors, since the system has no global time. A simple method to evaluate this latency is to build and simulate a unified model which includes the network and the distributed algorithm sub-models. In this paper we introduce a network model for UDP (User Datagram Protocol) which allows to establish a relationship between the number of messages exchanged in a distributed algorithm and the communication delays. As an application, we consider the two-phase commitment algorithm. Numerical results derived from simulating the model are compared with data obtained from performance measures.

1997

Introduction au cours MOOC: Selected chapters form winterschool on multi-scale brain

Couvre les troubles du développement, des adolescents, des adultes et du vieillissement, leur impact et le rôle du cerveau.