Imaging spectrometer | EPFL Graph Search

An imaging spectrometer is an instrument used in hyperspectral imaging and imaging spectroscopy to acquire a spectrally-resolved image of an object or scene, often referred to as a datacube due to the three-dimensional representation of the data. Two axes of the image correspond to vertical and horizontal distance and the third to wavelength. The principle of operation is the same as that of the simple spectrometer, but special care is taken to avoid optical aberrations for better image quality. Example imaging spectrometer types include: filtered camera, whiskbroom scanner, pushbroom scanner, integral field spectrograph (or related dimensional reformatting techniques), wedge imaging spectrometer, Fourier transform imaging spectrometer, computed tomography imaging spectrometer (CTIS), image replicating imaging spectrometer (IRIS), coded aperture snapshot spectral imager (CASSI), and (IMS). Principle Imaging spectrometers are used specifically for the purpose of measuring

Magnetic force microscopy contrast formation and field sensitivity

Johannes Schwenk

The magnetic force microscope (MFM) is an established experimental tool for imaging stray fields with high spatial resolution and sensitivity. The MFM contrast can however contain contributions from the sample topography, variations in the surface Kelvin potential and magnetic contributions arising from grain-to-grain variations of the areal density of the magnetic moment, apart from the contrast generated by the micromagnetic pattern of the sample. Differential imaging techniques can be used to disentangle these contrast contributions. The calibration of the response of the MFM tip on different spatial wavelengths of the field allows a quantitative determination of the magnetic vector field in the plane parallel to the sample surface scanned by the tip. Generally, the tip becomes less sensitive for smaller spatial wavelengths. Obtaining a high spatial resolution thus requires a high measurement sensitivity that can be obtained by MFM operation in vacuum and by using & nbsp;high-quality factor cantilevers. As a result, field sensitivities better than 80 mu T/root Hz can be obtained, even with low magnetic moment tips.

2022

Advanced Diamond Microfabrication for Microoptics and Photonics

Marcell Kristof Kiss

Diamond is an exceptional material - hard, stiff, transparent, which makes it ideal for the fabrication of optical and mechanical systems that take advantage of these properties. Diamond is not only "better", but it offers the possibility of integrating bright colour centres. These optically active defects can be exploited for a variety of applications, including the study of fundamental science, magnetometry, biosensing and new types of lasers. Despite the attractive properties of diamond for optics, no standard platform exists to create photonic circuits and devices. This thesis shows the realisation of a diamond-on-insulator photonics platform, that aims to combine the versatility of the silicon-on-insulator photonics with the capability of performing diamond science in single crystal guided-wave devices. The diamond-on-insulator substrate is achieved via ion implantation-based cut of a single crystal membrane and bonding of the membrane to an insulator layer. This approach provides a monolithic fabrication process that scales to commercial exploitation, bringing convenient access to the study of diamond light-matter interactions without requiring custom substrate fabrication. Furthermore, the possibility of releasing the diamond devices adds access to freestanding structures, opening the way to diamond micro-opto-electro-mechanical systems and optomechanics. Diamond also makes an excellent microoptics substrate, due to its high laser damage threshold, transparency and high refractive index, which is an attractive combination for high-power, compact optical systems operating in the UV, visible and near-infrared. Different diamond etching techniques are developed and investigated in this thesis, that enable the realisation of unique features. These techniques are employed to create diamond diffractive microoptical components, which are then characterised, showing high-quality surfaces that closely match the designed features, indicating reliable fabrication and resulting in excellent optical performance. These devices have applications in high power beamsplitters, beam shapers and compact spectrometers.

EPFL2019

Standing wave integrated Fourier transform spectrometer for imaging spectrometry in the near infrared

Hans Peter Herzig, Mohammadreza Madi, Gaël David Osowiecki, Irène Philipoussis Fernandez, Toralf Scharf

We show the miniaturization and parallelization of a scanning standing wave spectrometer with a long term goal of creating a compact imaging spectrometer. In our standing wave integrated Fourier transform spectrometer, light is injected with micro-lenses into several optical polymer waveguides. A piezo actuated mirror located at the waveguide end-facet can shift the interferogram to increase its sampling frequency. The spatial distribution of the standing wave intensity inside the waveguide is partially scattered out of the plane by a periodic metallic grating and recorded by a CCD camera. We present spectra acquisition for six adjacent waveguides simultaneously at a wavelength of 632.8 nm. © (2015) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

2015

Advanced Diamond Microfabrication for Microoptics and Photonics

Marcell Kristof Kiss

EPFL2019