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Concept
Mutharaiyar dynasty
Résumé
The Mutharaiyar was a south Indian dynasty that governed the Thanjavur, Trichy and Pudukottai regions between 600 and 850 CE.
The origin of the Mutharaiyar is shrouded in mystery. Historian T. A. Gopinatha Rao equates them with the Kalabhras as Suvaran Maaran, a prominent 8th century Mutharaiyar king of Thanjavur is styled KalavaraKalvan in one of his inscriptions. Few historians like Rao read the epithet it as KalabhraKalvan interchanging the letter v with b. This has led some Tamil historians to postulate that the Mutharayar invaded kingdoms in Tamilakkam (now part of Tamil Nadu) around the 2nd century CE from Erumainadu(bison country), which is identified with the area in and around modern Mysore in Karnataka.
They seem to have established themselves as lords of the Thanjavur district in Tamilakkam around seventh century CE. The most famous of the Mutharaiyar dynasty were Perumbidugu Mutharaiyar, also called Kuvavan, his son Parameswaran, alias Ilangovadiaraiyan, and the latter's son Perumbidugu Mutharaiyar II, alias Suvaran Maaran. An inscription of Suvaran Maaran is found in Sendalai, a village in Thanjavur district. The record is dated to eight century CE and refers to Suvaran Maaran as the king of Thanjavur and the lord of Vallam. Suvaran Maaran seems to have held sway as far as Thondaimandalam in the north as the Jain acharya Vimalachandra from Sravanabelagola is said to have visited the court of Suvaran Maaran alias Shatrubayankaran of Thondaimandalam and challenged the Saivas, Kapalikas, Pasupatas and Buddhists. The Sendalai epigraph gives Suvaran Maaran the epithets, Satrukesari(lion to enemies) and Vēl-Maaran among others and describes his flag as having the Vēl (Vēl-kodiyaan) or lance for emblem.
During the 7th to 8th centuries, they served as feudatories of the Pallavas but at times asserted their independence and governed on their own. An inscription in the Vaikuntha Perumal temple in Kanchipuram mentions a Mutharaiyar chief receiving Nandivarman II Pallavamalla at the latter's coronation.
Source officielle
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