Concept
Recharge des aquifères
Concepts associés (28)
Groundwater model
Groundwater models are computer models of groundwater flow systems, and are used by hydrologists and hydrogeologists. Groundwater models are used to simulate and predict aquifer conditions. An unambiguous definition of "groundwater model" is difficult to give, but there are many common characteristics. A groundwater model may be a scale model or an electric model of a groundwater situation or aquifer. Groundwater models are used to represent the natural groundwater flow in the environment.
Doline
Une doline est une forme caractéristique d'érosion des calcaires en contexte karstique. La dissolution des calcaires de surface conduit à la formation de dépressions circulaires mesurant de quelques mètres à plusieurs centaines de mètres de diamètre. Leur fond est souvent occupé par des argiles de décalcification ou terra rossa (terre rouge), fertiles et plus ou moins imperméables.
Gestion des inondations
vignette|Exemple de gestion des inondations : La conservation de zones d'expansion des crues suffisantes réduit considérablement les dommages érosifs causés par les inondations. La gestion des inondations désigne l'ensemble des méthodes utilisées pour contrôler la submersion temporaire naturelle ou artificielle d'un espace par de l’eau liquide. Ces méthodes sont principalement utilisées pour réduire ou prévenir les effets néfastes des eaux de crue et protéger les espaces naturels ou urbains de ces effets.
Overdrafting
Overdrafting is the process of extracting groundwater beyond the equilibrium yield of an aquifer. Groundwater is one of the largest sources of fresh water and is found underground. The primary cause of groundwater depletion is the excessive pumping of groundwater up from underground aquifers. There are two sets of yields: safe yield and sustainable yield. Safe yield is the amount of groundwater that can be withdrawn over a period of time without exceeding the long-term recharge rate or affecting the aquifer integrity.
SahysMod
SahysMod is a computer program for the prediction of the salinity of soil moisture, groundwater and drainage water, the depth of the watertable, and the drain discharge in irrigated agricultural lands, using different hydrogeologic and aquifer conditions, varying water management options, including the use of ground water for irrigation, and several crop rotation schedules, whereby the spatial variations are accounted for through a network of polygons.
Drainage equation
A drainage equation is an equation describing the relation between depth and spacing of parallel subsurface drains, depth of the watertable, depth and hydraulic conductivity of the soils. It is used in drainage design. A well known steady-state drainage equation is the Hooghoudt drain spacing equation. Its original publication is in Dutch. The equation was introduced in the USA by van Schilfgaarde. Hooghoudt's equation can be written as:.
Drainage system (agriculture)
An agricultural drainage system is a system by which water is drained on or in the soil to enhance agricultural production of crops. It may involve any combination of stormwater control, erosion control, and watertable control. While there are more than two types of drainage systems employed in agriculture, there are two main types: (1) surface drainage and (2) sub-surface drainage. Figure 1 classifies the various types of drainage systems. It shows the field (or internal) and the main (or external) systems.
Équation de Richards
L’équation de Richards décrit le transfert de l'eau dans les sols non-saturés. Quoiqu'elle porte le nom de Lorenzo A. Richards, qui la publia en 1931, elle avait été établie 9 ans auparavant par Lewis Fry Richardson dans son essai « Weather prediction by numerical process » (1922). C’est une équation aux dérivées partielles non-linéaire, pour laquelle on ne connaît de solution analytique que pour certaines situations très simples. Elle repose sur la combinaison de l’équation de Darcy étendue à un milieu non saturé par Edgar Buckingham et de l'équation de continuité.