BRCA mutationA BRCA mutation is a mutation in either of the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, which are tumour suppressor genes. Hundreds of different types of mutations in these genes have been identified, some of which have been determined to be harmful, while others have no proven impact. Harmful mutations in these genes may produce a hereditary breast–ovarian cancer syndrome in affected persons. Only 5–10% of breast cancer cases in women are attributed to BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations (with BRCA1 mutations being slightly more common than BRCA2 mutations), but the impact on women with the gene mutation is more profound.
Hereditary cancer syndromeA hereditary cancer syndrome (familial/family cancer syndrome, inherited cancer syndrome, cancer predisposition syndrome, cancer syndrome, etc.) is a genetic disorder in which inherited genetic mutations in one or more genes predispose the affected individuals to the development of cancer and may also cause early onset of these cancers. Hereditary cancer syndromes often show not only a high lifetime risk of developing cancer, but also the development of multiple independent primary tumors.
AnnexectomieL'annexectomie est l’ablation chirurgicale d’une trompe de Fallope et de l’ovaire (anatomie) correspondant. Il s’agit donc de l’ablation d’un ovaire et de la trompe de Fallope (salpynx) qui lui est associée. En anatomie, une annexe est un élément qui dépend d’un organe principal. Concernant l’anatomie des organes féminins il s’agit des deux annexes (droite et gauche) de l’utérus (trompes de Fallope, ovaires, ligament large). Le terme d’annexectomie est composé avec le suffixe grec ἐκτομή, ektomê qui désigne une excision, une ablation.
