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Concept
Electric power conversion
Résumé
In all fields of electrical engineering, power conversion is the process of converting electric energy from one form to another. A power converter is an electrical or electro-mechanical device for converting electrical energy. A power converter can convert alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC) and vice versa; change the voltage or frequency of the current or do some combination of these. The power converter can be as simple as a transformer or it can be a far more complex system, such as a resonant converter. The term can also refer to a class of electrical machinery that is used to convert one frequency of alternating current into another. Power conversion systems often incorporate redundancy and voltage regulation.
Power converters are classified based on the type of power conversion they do. One way of classifying power conversion systems is according to whether the input and output are alternating current or direct current. Finally, the task of all power converters is to "process and control the flow of electrical energy by supplying voltages and currents in a form that is optimally suited for user loads".
DC-to-DC converter
The following devices can convert DC to DC:
Linear regulator
Voltage regulator
Motor–generator
Rotary converter
Switched-mode power supply
The following devices can convert DC to AC:
Power inverter
Motor–generator
Rotary converter
Switched-mode power supply
Chopper (electronics)
The following devices can convert AC to DC:
Rectifier
Mains power supply unit (PSU)
Motor–generator
Rotary converter
Switched-mode power supply
AC-to-AC converter
The following devices can convert AC to AC:
Transformer or autotransformer
Voltage converter
Voltage regulator
Cycloconverter
Variable-frequency transformer
Motor–generator
Rotary converter
Switched-mode power supply
Three-phase electric power
There are also devices and methods to convert between power systems designed for single and three-phase operation.
The standard power voltage and frequency vary from country to country and sometimes within a country.
Source officielle
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