Concept
Eicosanoïde
Concepts associés (32)
Prostacyclin receptor
The Prostacyclin receptor, also termed the prostaglandin I2 receptor or just IP, is a receptor belonging to the prostaglandin (PG) group of receptors. IP binds to and mediates the biological actions of prostacyclin (also termed Prostaglandin I2, PGI2, or when used as a drug, epoprostenol). IP is encoded in humans by the PTGIR gene. While possessing many functions as defined in animal model studies, the major clinical relevancy of IP is as a powerful vasodilator: stimulators of IP are used to treat severe and even life-threatening diseases involving pathological vasoconstriction.
Phospholipase A2
DISPLAYTITLE:Phospholipase A2 Une phospholipase A2 (PLA2) est une hydrolase qui libère spécifiquement l'acide gras estérifiant l'hydroxyle du carbone 2 du glycérol d'un phosphoglycéride pour donner un lysophospholipide : {| align="left" |- align="center" valign="middle" | 180px | + | 60px | + | 180px |- align="center" valign="middle" | Phosphatidylcholine | | Acide gras | | 2-lysophosphatidylcholine |} Les phospholipases A2 se trouvent dans la plupart des tissus des mammifères ainsi que dans les venins d'in
Reperfusion injury
Reperfusion injury, sometimes called ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) or reoxygenation injury, is the tissue damage caused when blood supply returns to tissue (re- + perfusion) after a period of ischemia or lack of oxygen (anoxia or hypoxia). The absence of oxygen and nutrients from blood during the ischemic period creates a condition in which the restoration of circulation results in inflammation and oxidative damage through the induction of oxidative stress rather than (or along with) restoration of normal function.
Huile de poisson
L'huile de poisson est une huile obtenue à partir des tissus biologiques des poissons gras. L'huile de foie de morue a été utilisée comme un complément alimentaire, donné comme fortifiant aux enfants notamment en France jusque dans les années 1960. Les principaux usages de l'huile de poisson sont les suivants : Alimentation humaine Industrie pharmaceutique Alimentation des animaux d'élevage Alimentation des animaux de compagnie Aquaculture Travail du cuir (tannerie, chamoiserie) Industrie chimique de spécialités (chimie fine et parachimie) : produits d'étanchéité, peintures, vernis industriels, lubrifiants, produits hydrofuges, savons, cire de bougie, etc.
Allodynie
L'allodynie est une douleur déclenchée par un stimulus qui est normalement indolore. Par exemple, un léger effleurement de la peau ou une faible sensation de chaud ou froid peuvent alors être douloureux. Il existe différents types d'allodynie : l'allodynie mécanique (aussi connue comme l'allodynie tactile) : soit une allodynie mécanique statique : la douleur en réponse au toucher léger / pression, soit une allodynie mécanique dynamique : la douleur en réponse à une caresse légère ; l'allodynie thermique (chaud ou froid) ; l'allodynie liée aux mouvements : la douleur est déclenchée par un mouvement normal des articulations ou les muscles.
Hepoxilin
Hepoxilins (Hx) are a set of epoxyalcohol metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), i.e. they possess both an epoxide and an alcohol (i.e. hydroxyl) residue. HxA3, HxB3, and their non-enzymatically formed isomers are nonclassic eicosanoid derived from acid the (PUFA), arachidonic acid. A second group of less well studied hepoxilins, HxA4, HxB4, and their non-enzymatically formed isomers are nonclassical eicosanoids derived from the PUFA, eicosapentaenoic acid.
Cyclooxygénase 1
La cyclooxygénase 1, ou COX-1, est une cyclooxygénase qui catalyse la conversion de l'acide arachidonique, libéré des phospholipides membranires sous l'action d'une phospholipase A, en prostaglandine H avec la prostaglandine G comme intermédiaire réactionnel. Cette enzyme est codée par le gène PTGS1 situé, chez l'homme, sur le chromosome 9.
Eicosatetraenoic acid
Eicosatetraenoic acid (ETA) designates any straight chain 20:4 fatty acid. Eicosatetraenoic acid belongs to the family of eicosanoids, molecules synthesized from oxidized polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to mediate cell-cell communication. The eicosanoids, working in tandem, contribute to a lipid signaling complex widely responsible for inducing an inflammatory immune response. Common signs of inflammation are both internal and external, with effects like visible redness, pain in the surrounding area, swelling, and the sensation of heat—many of these an effect of varying eicosanoid species.
Lipid metabolism
Lipid metabolism is the synthesis and degradation of lipids in cells, involving the breakdown and storage of fats for energy and the synthesis of structural and functional lipids, such as those involved in the construction of cell membranes. In animals, these fats are obtained from food and are synthesized by the liver. Lipogenesis is the process of synthesizing these fats. The majority of lipids found in the human body from ingesting food are triglycerides and cholesterol.
Hyperalgie
Hyperalgesia (ˌhaɪpərælˈdʒiːziə or -siə; 'hyper' from Greek ὑπέρ (huper, “over”), '-algesia' from Greek algos, ἄλγος (pain)) is an abnormally increased sensitivity to pain, which may be caused by damage to nociceptors or peripheral nerves and can cause hypersensitivity to stimulus. Prostaglandins E and F are largely responsible for sensitizing the nociceptors. Temporary increased sensitivity to pain also occurs as part of sickness behavior, the evolved response to infection.