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Concept
Empain group
Résumé
The Empain group was a loose grouping of companies founded by Édouard Empain (1852–1929) of Belgium and controlled by the Empain family.
From 1881 until merging with Schneider & Cie in 1969, the companies engaged in a broad range of activities including tramways, railways, electricity generation, construction and mining.
The main areas of activity were Belgium and France, but the group also pursued opportunities in Russia, Egypt, China and elsewhere, and played a large role in the development of the eastern Belgian Congo.
The brothers Édouard and François Empain were the children of François-Julien Empain, a schoolteacher, and Catherine Lolivier.
Both parents came from families of lower-middle-class artisans.
Édouard graduated from high school in 1872 and obtained a job with the Société métallurgique et charbonnière belge.
He was briefly a partner in a stone quarry company in 1878–1879, then became a partner in a company that produced marble and building stones, which was dissolved in 1882.
In 1881 Édouard Empain and partners he had met through the Société métallurgique established a holding company, the Compagnie générale de Railways à voie étroite to build local light railways in Belgium and France.
This was the first company of what would become the Empain group, which by 1913 was among the 50 largest enterprises in Europe.
By then, either directly or via holding companies the Empain brothers owned £9 million in assets.
The Empain group before World War I (1914–1918) was run by the Empain brothers, assisted by a small group of professional managers.
The legal and financial structure of the group was relatively loose, but the strategic decision-making process related to production and management was strongly centralized in the Paris offices.
Between 1881 and 1888 the group was active only in Belgium and France.
France would remain the most important market, accounting for about half of all activity in the pre-war period.
In the period from 1889 to 1893 the Empain group set up businesses in Argentina, Venezuela, the Netherlands and the Ottoman
Empire.
Source officielle
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