Roter Frontkämpferbund

The Roter Frontkämpferbund (ˈʁoːtɐ ˈfʁɔntˌkɛmpfɐbʊnt, translated as "Alliance of Red Front-Fighters" or "Red Front Fighters' League"), usually called the Rotfrontkämpferbund (RFB), was a far-left paramilitary organization affiliated with the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) during the Weimar Republic. It was officially a non-partisan and legally registered association. The organisation was banned by the governing Social Democrats in 1929. The first local branches of the RFB were established in July 1924. The group's inaugural nationwide meeting was held in February 1925 in Berlin, where Ernst Thälmann was elected to lead the federal committee. Die Rote Front ('The Red Front') was the newspaper of the RFB. The greeting of "Rot Front!" (Red Front!) while giving a clenched fist salute gave rise to the expression Rotfront, often used among friends and foes to refer to the organization instead of its full title. The clenched fist "protecting the friend, fighting off the enemy" ("schützend den Freund, abwehrend den Feind") was the symbol of the RFB, used on all its insignia, and its registered trademark from 1 March 1926. In May 1926, during a flag parade, activists used it as a sign of rallying to the movement and as an oath to defend the Soviet Union. The KPD depended on the Proletarian Hundreds (Proletarische Hundertschaften) to protect their meetings and demonstrations, but this organization was banned in 1923. This left the KPD's political activities exposed to attacks from the police and right-wing paramilitary organizations such as the nationalist Der Stahlhelm and the Nazi Sturmabteilung (SA). The ninth national conference of the KPD in April 1924 decided to form a new defense organization. It was given the name Roter Frontkämpfer-Bund, with the intent of attracting non-Communist workers as well. Then in Halle on 11 May 1924, police fired on a demonstration; eight workers were killed and 16 seriously wounded. The KPD announced the formation of the RFB to all its local branches, and soon the first local RFB groups were formed.

À propos de ce résultat

Cette page est générée automatiquement et peut contenir des informations qui ne sont pas correctes, complètes, à jour ou pertinentes par rapport à votre recherche. Il en va de même pour toutes les autres pages de ce site. Veillez à vérifier les informations auprès des sources officielles de l'EPFL.

Concepts associés (2)

Roter Frontkämpferbund (RFB, Union des combattants du Front rouge) est une organisation militante communiste antifasciste née en 1924, générée par le Parti Communiste d'Allemagne, le KPD. Roter Frontkämpferbund comptait quelque 130 000 membres en 1929. En signe de ralliement au mouvement, les militants exécutent le salut en levant le poing gauche. Ils se réunissent pour les défilés avec drapeaux. En mai 1926, lors d'un de ces rassemblements, tous prêtent serment de défendre l'URSS.

République de Weimar

La république de Weimar (Weimarer Republik, ) est le nom donné par les historiens au régime politique en place en Allemagne de 1918 à 1933. Elle est proclamée au cours de la révolution de 1918, le , soit deux jours avant la fin des hostilités de la Première Guerre mondiale. La Constitution de Weimar est adoptée le et promulguée le suivant. Weimar, la ville où l'Assemblée nationale constituante rédige la constitution, donne a posteriori son nom à la période historique dans son ensemble.