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Concept
Ramaprasad Chanda
Résumé
Ramaprasad Chanda (15 August 1873 – 28 May 1942) was an Indian anthropologist, historian and archaeologist from Bengal. A pioneer in his field in South Asia, Chanda's lasting legacy is the Varendra Research Museum, he established in Rajshahi (located in present-day Bangladesh), a leading institute for research on the history of Bengal. He was the first head of the Department of Anthropology at the University of Calcutta from 1920- 1921. He was also a professional archaeologist and worked in the Archaeological Survey of India. Chanda was one of the founders the Indian Anthropological Institute and was its president during 1938–1942. He represented India in the first International Congress of Anthropology held in London in 1934. He had done original research on the somatic characters of Indian populations by using ancient Indian literature and challenged Herbert Hope Risley's theory of Indian races.
Riley was the first Census Commissioner of India.
Chanda was born on August 15, 1873, in present-day Bangladesh. After completing his Bachelor of Arts (BA) degree in 1896 from Scottish Church College in Kolkata, he faced financial difficulties while working as a private tutor. However, he dedicated his spare time to studying history and anthropology at the library. During this period, he contributed on social and anthropological topics in several magazines.Eventually, he secured a position as a history teacher at Hindu School, Kolkata before being transferred to Rajshahi Collegiate School in eastern Bengal in 1905.
Chanda gained recognition for challenging Herbert Risley's controversial theory on the origin of Bengalis in the early 1900s.
He conducted anthropometric measurements and studied ancient texts to present an alternate thesis supporting a stronger Aryan lineage among Indians. Chanda collaborated with Sarat Kumar Ray and Akshay Kumar Maitreya on archaeological expeditions in 1910, leading to the establishment of the Varendra Research Society and its museum. He published Gaudarajamala in 1912, the first scientific history of Bengal based on epigraphic evidence.
Source officielle
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