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Concept
Église Santa Maria in Campitelli
Résumé
Santa Maria in Campitelli or Santa Maria in Portico (Santa Maria in Portico di Campitelli) is a church dedicated to the Virgin Mary on the narrow Piazza di Campitelli in Rione Sant'Angelo, Rome, Italy. The church is served by the Clerics Regular of the Mother of God.
Santa Maria in Campitelli is located over the former site of the Temple of Jupiter Stator, part of the Porticus Octaviae until the area's destruction in the Great Fire of Rome in the mid-1st century. The Temple of Juno Regina was located nearby.
Tradition holds that a primitive oratory or church was founded at the site during the years 523–526, under the papacy of Pope John I. This structure was located near the Porticus Octaviae (giving the church and icon its name of "Madonna of the Portico"). The structure was created to house a venerated 25 cm-high icon of the Virgin Mary and Saints Peter and Paul. According to legend, the icon appeared miraculously in 524 at the table of Galla, a Roman woman who was helping the poor, and it was said to be carried in processions since 590.
The initial church structure was the no-longer extant Oratory of Santa Galla, located across the piazza from the present church, and which was attached to a hospital of the same name. More recent analysis of the style and dendrochronology of the icon date it to the 11th century. The image is very likely a reproduction of some ancient painting or mosaic venerated in the Galla portico.
Circa 1656, the city of Rome was ravaged by plague, and it was felt that the prayers to this icon, which had been carried in procession through the streets, had played a role in stopping the epidemic. This putative miraculous intervention prompted Pope Alexander VII to erect a grander church, instead of the ancient oratory, to house the icon. He commissioned the high Baroque design from Carlo Rainaldi, and construction took place between 1659 and 1667. The church was kept under the maintenance by the order of Clerics Regular of the Mother of God, that had been founded in Lucca.
Source officielle
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