Humeur dépressive

Résumé

vignette|"Depression", Oleh Zeitung-Stetsyuk Une humeur dépressive est une baisse de moral et une aversion d'activité pouvant affecter le comportement, les émotions et le bien-être physique d'un individu. Cela peut inclure la tristesse, l'anxiété, sentiment de vide, déception, culpabilité, irritabilité, sentiments d'inutilité ou agitation. L'humeur dépressive peut être un signe de dépression, bien qu'il faille d'autres signes associés. Références Catégorie:Émotion Catégorie:Dépression (psychiatrie) Catégorie:Sémiologie psychiatrique

Source officielle

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humeur_d%C3%A9pressive

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Stress-Induced Depression: Is Social Rank a Predictive Risk Factor?

Thomas Didier Larrieu, Maria del Carmen Sandi Perez

2018

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Stress-Induced Depression: Is Social Rank a Predictive Risk Factor?

Thomas Didier Larrieu, Maria del Carmen Sandi Perez

An intriguing question in the field of stress is what makes an individual more likely to be susceptible or resilient to stress‐induced depression. Predisposition to stress susceptibility is believed to be influenced by genetic factors and early adversity. However, beyond genetics and life experiences, recent evidence has highlighted social rank as a key determinant of susceptibility to stress, underscoring dominant individuals as the vulnerable ones. This evidence is in conflict with epidemiological, clinical, and animal work pointing at a link between social subordination and depression. Here, we review and analyze rodent protocols addressing the relevance of social rank to predict vulnerability to chronic social stress. We also discuss whether a specific social status (i.e., dominance or subordination) is the appropriate predictor of vulnerability to develop stress‐induced depression or rather, the loss of social rank and resources.

2018

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Extensive data highlight the existence of major differences in individuals’ susceptibility to stress [1; 2; 3 ; 4]. While genetic factors [5 ; 6] and exposure to early life stress [7 ; 8] are key components for such neurobehavioral diversity, intriguing observations revealed individual differences in response to stress in inbred mice [9; 10; 11 ; 12]. This raised the possibility that other factors might be critical in stress vulnerability. A key challenge in the field is to identify non-invasively risk factors for vulnerability to stress. Here, we investigated whether behavioral factors, emerging from preexisting dominance hierarchies, could predict vulnerability to chronic stress [9; 13; 14; 15 ; 16]. We applied a chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) model of depression in C57BL/6J mice to investigate the predictive power of hierarchical status to pinpoint which individuals will exhibit susceptibility to CSDS. Given that the high social status of dominant mice would be the one particularly challenged by CSDS, we predicted and found that dominant individuals were the ones showing a strong susceptibility profile as indicated by strong social avoidance following CSDS, while subordinate mice were not affected. Data from 1H-NMR spectroscopy revealed that the metabolic profile in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) relates to social status and vulnerability to stress. Under basal conditions, subordinates show lower levels of energy-related metabolites compared to dominants. In subordinates, but not dominants, levels of these metabolites were increased after exposure to CSDS. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that identifies non-invasively the origin of behavioral risk factors predictive of stress-induced depression-like behaviors associated with metabolic changes.

2017

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