An investment trust is a form of investment fund found mostly in the United Kingdom and Japan. Investment trusts are constituted as public limited companies and are therefore closed ended since the fund managers cannot redeem or create shares.
The first investment trust was the Foreign & Colonial Investment Trust, started in 1868 "to give the investor of moderate means the same advantages as the large capitalists in diminishing the risk by spreading the investment over a number of stocks".
In many respects, the investment trust was the progenitor of the investment company in the U.S.
The name is somewhat misleading, given that (according to law) an investment "trust" is not in fact a "trust" in the legal sense at all, but a separate legal person or a company. This matters for the fiduciary duties owed by the board of directors and the equitable ownership of the fund's assets.
In the United Kingdom, the term "investment trust" has a strict meaning under tax law. However, the term is more commonly used within the UK to include any closed-ended investment company, including venture capital trusts (VCTs). The Association of Investment Companies is the trade association representing investment trusts and VCTs.
In Japan, investment trusts are called trust accounts; the largest stockholder of many public companies are usually trust banks handling the investment trusts, the largest being the Japan Trustee Services Bank, The Master Trust Bank of Japan and the Trust & Custody Services Bank.
Real estate investment trust
In the United Kingdom, REITs are constituted as investment trusts. They must be UK resident and publicly listed on a stock exchange recognised by the Financial Conduct Authority. They must distribute at least 90% of their income.
Investment trusts can hold a variety of assets: listed equities, government/corporate bonds, real estate, private companies and so on. These assets may be listed/incorporated/domiciled in any region. Moreover the investment objectives (growth, income, capital preservation...
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Un fonds de placement (ou fonds d'investissement) est un organisme de détention collective d'actifs financiers. L'intérêt de la gestion collective est de bénéficier de gestionnaires de placements professionnels et d'économies d'échelle (coûts de transaction moins élevés). Ils fonctionnent en multipropriété, en émettant auprès des épargnants, sous forme d'actions, des titres de propriété qui représentent une part de leur portefeuille. Ils sont généralement à capital variable, ce qui permet des souscriptions et rachats à tout moment par les épargnants.
Investment management (sometimes referred to more generally as asset management) is the professional asset management of various securities, including shareholdings, bonds, and other assets, such as real estate, to meet specified investment goals for the benefit of investors. Investors may be institutions, such as insurance companies, pension funds, corporations, charities, educational establishments, or private investors, either directly via investment contracts/mandates or via collective investment schemes like mutual funds, exchange-traded funds, or REITs.
La société d'investissement immobilier cotée (SIIC) est un type d'entreprise française propriétaire de bâtiments soumise à un régime fiscal particulier. Dans la plupart des cas, cette entreprise gère le patrimoine immobilier pour le compte de ses actionnaires. Celle-ci se distingue de la société civile de placement immobilier (SCPI ou OCPI), dont les titres ne peuvent être échangés sur des places boursières régulées (ils sont vendus de gré à gré).
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