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Background: In cell differentiation, a less specialized cell differentiates into a more specialized one, even though all cells in one organism have (almost) the same genome. Epigenetic factors such as histone modifications are known to play a significant r ...
The dramatic increase in global atmospheric carbon dioxide over the past century is hypothesized to have significant impacts on the earth system. To understand the effects of elevated CO2 on terrestrial ecosystems, two main methods have been used to simula ...
A very high percentage (around 70%) of the agronomic area in Switzerland is covered by grasslands at various altitudes where environmental conditions, management, community structure and productivity vary widely. As heat waves and drought are predicted to ...
Biogenic silica extracted from 21 species commonly occurring in subalpine and alpine plant communities in the central Swiss Alps were examined using light and SEM microscopes; 19 species being screened here for the first time. An inventory of phytolith typ ...
In a confluent, single-cell tissue layer, we show that cell shapes and statistics correlate directly with the tissue’s mechanical properties, described by an energy functional with generic interfacial terms only. Upon increasing the cohesive component of t ...
We examine the pore space evolution during saturated stage of soil drying as obtained via porosimetry. This is modeled at a microscale using Poiseuille flow through the capillary vessels of the size of the actual modal pores, with deformable walls driven b ...
Although phytoextraction using hyperaccumulating plants is seen as a promising technique, a lack of understanding of the basic physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms involved in heavy metal hyperaccumulation prevents the optimization of the p ...
Water-use efficiency (WUE), thought to be a relevant trait for productivity and adaptation to water-limited environments, was estimated for three different ecosystems on the Mediterranean island of Pianosa: Mediterranean macchia (S-MM), transition (S-TR) a ...
Competition for water among multiple tree rooting systems is investigated using a soil–plant model that accounts for soil moisture dynamics and root water uptake (RWU), whole plant transpiration, and leaf-level photosynthesis. The model is based on a numer ...
The role of evapotranspiration (ET) in the global, continental, regional, and local water cycles is reviewed. Elevated atmospheric CO2, air temperature, vapor pressure deficit (D), turbulent transport, radiative transfer, and reduced soil moisture all impa ...