A boarding school is a school where pupils live within premises while being given formal instruction. The word "boarding" is used in the sense of "room and board", i.e. lodging and meals. As they have existed for many centuries, and now extend across many countries, their functioning, codes of conduct and ethos vary greatly. Children in boarding schools study and live during the school year with their fellow students and possibly teachers or administrators. Some boarding schools also have day students who attend the institution during the day and return home in the evenings.
Boarding school pupils are typically referred to as "boarders". Children may be sent for one year to twelve years or more in boarding school, until the age of eighteen. There are several types of boarders depending on the intervals at which they visit their family. Full-term boarders visit their homes at the end of an academic year, semester boarders visit their homes at the end of an academic term, weekly boarders visit their homes at weekends. There are also semi-boarders who attend a boarding school in the school hours for formal instruction and activities but return home by the end of the day. In some cultures, boarders spend the majority of their childhood and adolescent life away from their families. Boarding schools are relatively more prevalent in the United Kingdom (UK), India, China, and parts of Africa. These countries begin boarding schools at a very early age and for a longer span of time. However, boarding schools are relatively less prevalent in Europe and the US where it is mostly seen for grades seven or nine through grade twelve—the high school years. Some are for either boys or girls while others are co-educational. The United Kingdom has a long tradition of boarding school education and the term public school has an elitist association. There are also some state boarding schools, many of which serve children from remote areas.
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A state school or public school is a primary or secondary school that educates all students without charge. Such schools are funded in whole or in part by taxation. State-funded schools exist in virtually every country of the world, though there are significant variations in their structure and educational programmes. Government funded education generally encompasses primary and secondary education (4 years old to 18 years old).
Les écoles privées sont des écoles qui ne sont pas administrées par leur gouvernement local, étatique ou national et qui conservent donc le droit de sélectionner leurs élèves et sont financées, en tout ou en partie grâce aux frais de scolarité qu'elle demande à ses élèves, plutôt qu'entièrement par des fonds gouvernementaux. La plupart des écoles privées offrent des bourses d'études qui permettent de rendre la fréquentation plus abordable pour des étudiants possédant un talent quelconque, généralement au niveau académique ou sportif.
Roald Dahl, né le à Llandaff au pays de Galles et mort le à Oxford en Angleterre, est un écrivain britannique et scénariste, auteur de romans et de nouvelles qui s'adressent aussi bien aux enfants qu'aux adultes, mais mieux connu pour ses ouvrages de littérature d'enfance et de jeunesse. Ses œuvres les plus célèbres sont Charlie et la Chocolaterie (Charlie and the Chocolate Factory, 1964), adapté plusieurs fois au cinéma, ainsi que des recueils de nouvelles : Bizarre ! Bizarre ! (Someone Like You, 1948), qui obtint le prix Edgar-Allan-Poe en 1954, et Kiss Kiss (1959).