In organic chemistry, an imide is a functional group consisting of two acyl groups bound to nitrogen. The compounds are structurally related to acid anhydrides, although imides are more resistant to hydrolysis. In terms of commercial applications, imides are best known as components of high-strength polymers, called polyimides. Inorganic imides are also known as solid state or gaseous compounds, and the imido group (=NH) can also act as a ligand.
Most imides are cyclic compounds derived from dicarboxylic acids, and their names reflect the parent acid. Examples are succinimide, derived from succinic acid, and phthalimide, derived from phthalic acid. For imides derived from amines (as opposed to ammonia), the N-substituent is indicated by a prefix. For example, N-ethylsuccinimide is derived from succinic acid and ethylamine. Isoimides are isomeric with normal imides and have the formula RC(O)OC(NR′)R′′. They are often intermediates that convert to the more symmetrical imides. Organic compounds called carbodiimides have the formula RN=C=NR. They are unrelated to imides.
The PubChem links gives access to more information on the compounds, including other names, ids, toxicity and safety.
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!n!!Common name!!Systematic name!!Structure!!PubChem!!parent acid!!structure
|-
|2||Succinimide||Pyrrolidine-2,5-dione||||11439||Succinic acid||
|-
|2, unsaturated, cis carbon-carbon double bonds||Maleimide||Pyrrole-2,5-dione|| ||10935||Maleic acid||
|-
|3||Glutarimide||Piperidine-2,6-dione||||70726||Glutaric acid||
|-
|6||Phthalimide||Isoindole-1,3-dione||||6809||Phthalic acid||
|}
Being highly polar, imides exhibit good solubility in polar media. The N–H center for imides derived from ammonia is acidic and can participate in hydrogen bonding. Unlike the structurally related acid anhydrides, they resist hydrolysis and some can even be recrystallized from boiling water.
Many high strength or electrically conductive polymers contain imide subunits, i.e., the polyimides.
Cette page est générée automatiquement et peut contenir des informations qui ne sont pas correctes, complètes, à jour ou pertinentes par rapport à votre recherche. Il en va de même pour toutes les autres pages de ce site. Veillez à vérifier les informations auprès des sources officielles de l'EPFL.
Couvre les nombres de coordination, les ligands communs et les géométries privilégiées en chimie de coordination, en mettant l'accent sur la distribution spatiale entre les ligands et le rôle des configurations d'électrons d8.
vignette|Fibres de polyester observées au MEB Un polyester est un polymère dont les motifs de répétition de la chaîne principale contiennent la fonction ester. La méthode de synthèse la plus simple et la plus courante est appelée polycondensation par estérification. Il s'agit de la réaction d'un diacide carboxylique ou de l'un de ses dérivés comme le dianhydride d'acide avec un diol, donnant l'ester et un autre composé (eau, acide carboxylique).
La pyridine ou azine, de formule brute , est un composé hétérocyclique simple et fondamental qui se rapproche de la structure du benzène où un des groupes CH est remplacé par un atome d’azote. Elle existe sous la forme d’un liquide limpide, légèrement jaunâtre ayant une odeur désagréable et pénétrante (aigre, putride et évoquant le poisson). Elle est très utilisée en chimie de coordination comme ligand et en chimie organique comme réactif et solvant. Les dérivés de la pyridine sont très nombreux dans la pharmacie et dans l’agrochimie.
Amides are common constituents in natural organic matter and synthetic chemicals. In this study, we investi-gated kinetics and mechanisms of the reactions of chlorine with seven amides, including acetamide, N-meth-ylformamide, N-methylacetamide, benzamide, ...
2023
,
In comparison with Ru-II-arene compounds, the medicinal potential of homologous Ru-II-tpm compounds [tpm = tris(pyrazolyl)methane] is underexplored. Pyridine, 4-pyridinemethanol and four functionalized pyridines, synthesized from the esterification of 4-py ...
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY2022
,
Succinimide derivatives are useful building blocks for the synthesis of natural products and drugs. We describe an efficient route to succinimide derivatives comprising Pd(xantphos)Cl2-catalyzed aminocarbonylation of alkynes with aromatic or aliphatic amin ...