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Concept
BASIC Stamp
Résumé
The BASIC Stamp is a microcontroller with a small, specialized BASIC interpreter (PBASIC) built into ROM. It is made by Parallax, Inc. and has been popular with electronics hobbyists since the early 1990s.
Although the BASIC Stamp 2 has the form of a 24 pin DIP chip, it is in fact a small printed circuit board (PCB) that contains the essential elements of a microprocessor system:
A Microcontroller containing the CPU, a built in ROM containing the BASIC interpreter, and various peripherals
2kB of i2C EEPROM memory.
A clock, in the form of a ceramic resonator
Voltage regulator
External input/output
The end result is that a hobbyist can connect a 9 V battery to a BASIC Stamp and have a complete system. A serial connection to a personal computer allows the programmer to download software to the BASIC Stamp, which is stored in the onboard non-volatile memory device: it remains programmed until it is erased or reprogrammed, even when the power of the stamp is removed. If the power is reconnected the stamp immediately starts executing the program in slot 0 (of 8, numbered 0..7).
The BASIC Stamp is programmed in a variant of the BASIC language, called PBASIC. PBASIC incorporates common microcontroller functions, including PWM, serial communications, I2C and 1-Wire communications, communications with common LCD driver circuits, hobby servo pulse trains, pseudo-sine wave frequencies, and the ability to time an RC circuit which may be used to detect an analog value.
Once a program has been written in the 'Stamp Editor', an integrated development environment (IDE) in Windows, the syntax can be checked, tokenized and sent to the chip through a serial/USB Mini-B cable, where it will run.
There are currently four variants of the interpreter:
(1992) BASIC Stamp 1 (BS1)
(1995) BASIC Stamp 2 (BS2), with six sub-variants:
BS2e
BS2sx
BS2p24
BS2p40
BS2pe
BS2px
(2002) Javelin Stamp
(2006) Propeller\Spin Stamp
The BS2 sub-variants feature more memory, higher execution speed, additional specialized PBASIC commands, extra I/O pins, etc.
Source officielle
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