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The Jungfraujoch Research Station (46.55 degrees N, 7.98 degrees E, 3580 m above sea level) for decades has contributed in a significant manner to the systematic observation of the Earth's atmosphere both with in situ measurements and with trace gas column ...
Climate changes and global warming are generally associated with the enhanced greenhouse effect, but aerosols can induce a cooling effect and thus regionally mask this warming effect. Unfortunately, the strong variability both in space and in time of the a ...
Black carbon (BC) aerosol absorbs sunlight that might have otherwise been reflected to space and changes the radiative heating of the atmosphere and surface. These effects may alter the dynamical and hydrological processes governing cloud formation. A new, ...
Flow in a elbow draft tube is a turbulent complex unsteady flow caused by its rotating nature and the draft tube's geometry. The understanding of the main phenomena that could appear near the BEP and at off-design conditions is important to master the inst ...
International Association For Hydraulic Research2002
The temporal and spatial retrieve of ozone (O3) concentration and water vapor (H2O) mixing ratio in the troposphere is of essential interest. Contrary to the stratospheric case, the tropospheric ozone can have a harmful impact, with its toxic effect, on hu ...
A new lidar instrument was developed to measure tropospheric ozone and water vapor at low altitude. The lidar uses Raman scattering of an UV beam from atm. nitrogen, oxygen, and water vapor to retrieve ozone and water-vapor vertical profiles. By numerical ...
The water column of Lake Baikal is extremely weakly-but permanently-stratified below 250 m. Despite the thickness of this relatively stagnant water mass of more than 1000 m, the water age (time since last contact with the atmosphere) is only slightly more ...
The aim of this series of two publications is to characterise important radical reactions of organic molecules in atmospheric water phases, such as cloud, fog, and rain droplets, or on wetted aerosols. In this first study the reactions occurring in a mixed ...
A new instrument for measuring cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) on board small aircraft is described. Small aircraft are attractive mainly because they are less costly, but they require instruments that are designed for minimum weight, volume, and power con ...
