LGBT rights by country or territory

Rights affecting lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people vary greatly by country or jurisdiction—encompassing everything from the legal recognition of same-sex marriage to the death penalty for homosexuality. Notably, , 35 countries recognize same-sex marriage. By contrast, not counting non-state actors and extrajudicial killings, only two countries are believed to impose the death penalty on consensual same-sex sexual acts: Iran and Afghanistan. The death penalty is officially law, but generally not practiced, in Mauritania, Saudi Arabia, Somalia (in the autonomous state of Jubaland) and the United Arab Emirates. As well as, LGBT people face extrajudicial killings in the Russian region of Chechnya. Sudan rescinded its unenforced death penalty for anal sex (hetero- or homosexual) in 2020. Fifteen countries have stoning on the books as a penalty for adultery, which (in light of the illegality of gay marriage in those countries) would by default include gay sex, but this is enforced by the legal authorities in Iran and Nigeria (in the northern third of the country). In 2011, the United Nations Human Rights Council passed its first resolution recognizing LGBT rights, following which the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights issued a report documenting violations of the rights of LGBT people, including hate crimes, criminalization of homosexual activity, and discrimination. Following the issuance of the report, the United Nations urged all countries which had not yet done so to enact laws protecting basic LGBT rights. A 2022 study found that LGBT rights (as measured by ILGA-Europe's Rainbow Index) were correlated with less HIV/AIDS incidence among gay and bisexual men independently of risky sexual behavior. The 2023 Equaldex Equality Index ranks the Nordics, Uruguay, Canada, the Netherlands, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States among the best for LGBT rights. The index ranks Yemen, Brunei, Afghanistan, Somalia, Mauritania, Palestine, and Iran among the worst.

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Publications associées (2)

Concepts associés (11)

Le marché habité. L'expression de la diversité des échanges du Cho Con, dans une centralité de la ville de Da Nang (Viêt Nam)

Julien Ngao, Thi Hoang Vy Pham

Le Cho Con, un des grands marchés situés à Da Nang, ville portuaire vietnamienne, est un pôle économique de cette dernière. Contenant l'expression des échanges commerciales d'une culture sinisée, la popularité du Cho Con résulte de sa capacité à adapter et à répondre à l'économie faible des habitants. Da Nang étant une porte d'entrée de la région centrale du pays, la future métropole remet en cause la préservation de ce type de marché, en raison de son manque d'équipements, de services et de diversité d'offres. A l'heure de la mondialisation, le marché traditionnel cède sa place aux commerces modernes occidentalisés et autres supermalls. Dans cette phase évolutive de la ville, l'enjeu est de préserver la qualité culturelle du marché traditionnel et son adéquation avec son économie locale, tout en le réformant et en lui apportant une mixité programmatique innovante. Une des solutions réside dans les échanges qui résultent de la cohabitation de l'habitat et du marché traditionnel. Elle permet de préserver une identité culturelle tout en développant une infrastructure urbaine compatible aux deux programmes: le tram, qui le jour, est un transport public métropolitain, devient, la nuit, un fret pour les marchés. Da Nang tend ainsi vers l'image d'une ville vietnamienne moderne. ;

2013

Revalorisation d'un établissement de cure en canton d'Appenzell: la reconstruction du Kurhaus Weissbad en canton d'Appenzell, Rhode Intérieure, ou une nouvelle interprétation du terme "Erlebnis"

1995

Transgender

A transgender person (often abbreviated to trans person) is someone whose gender identity differs from that typically associated with the sex they were assigned at birth. Many experience gender dysphoria, which they may seek to alleviate through transitioning, often adopting a different name and set of pronouns in the process. They may pursue gender affirming care such as hormone replacement therapy and various gender-affirming surgeries. Not all transgender people desire these treatments and others may be unable to access them for financial, medical or legal reasons.

LGBT rights by country or territory

Gay

Gay is a term that primarily refers to a homosexual person or the trait of being homosexual. The term originally meant 'carefree', 'cheerful', or 'bright and showy'. While scant usage referring to male homosexuality dates to the late 19th century, that meaning became increasingly common by the mid-20th century. In modern English, gay has come to be used as an adjective, and as a noun, referring to the community, practices and cultures associated with homosexuality.