Railway signallingRailway signalling ( ()), also called railroad signaling ( ()), is a system used to control the movement of railway traffic. Trains move on fixed rails, making them uniquely susceptible to collision. This susceptibility is exacerbated by the enormous weight and inertia of a train, which makes it difficult to quickly stop when encountering an obstacle. In the UK, the Regulation of Railways Act 1889 introduced a series of requirements on matters such as the implementation of interlocked block signalling and other safety measures as a direct result of the Armagh rail disaster in that year.
Telegraph sounderA telegraph sounder is an antique electromechanical device used as a receiver on electrical telegraph lines during the 19th century. It was invented by Alfred Vail after 1850 to replace the previous receiving device, the cumbersome Morse register and was the first practical application of the electromagnet. When a telegraph message comes in it produces an audible "clicking" sound representing the short and long keypresses – "dots" and "dashes" – which are used to represent text characters in Morse code.
Code BaudotLe code Baudot est dans l'histoire un des premiers codages des caractères binaires. Il est plus ancien que le code ASCII par exemple. Il est aussi appelé code télégraphique Alphabet International (AI) ou Alphabet International (AI) ou code CCITT . C'est un code binaire : chaque caractère est codé par une série de (0 ou 1), ce qui permet 2 = . Ces ne suffisent pas pour coder les lettres (26), les chiffres (10), les signes opératoires (+-/x=), la ponctuation (, ;.:!?), et les autres symboles (&, #..
Indicatif (radio)Dans les communications radio, l’indicatif est la désignation unique de chaque station émettrice. Les indicatifs sont notamment utilisés par l'aviation, par la marine, par les armées, par les radioamateurs, et dans certains pays par les stations de radiodiffusion. thumb|right|300px|HB-CYF : indicatif international d'un aéronef Suisse. thumb|right|160px|F-HBGB : L'indicatif radio de cet aéronef français est Bravo Golf Bravo. Certains indicatifs sont formellement attribués par les agences nationales de télécommunications.
Ligne asymétriqueIn telecommunications and electrical engineering in general, an unbalanced line is a pair of conductors intended to carry electrical signals, which have unequal impedances along their lengths and to ground and other circuits. Examples of unbalanced lines are coaxial cable or the historic earth return system invented for the telegraph, but rarely used today. Unbalanced lines are to be contrasted with balanced lines, such as twin-lead or twisted pair which use two identical conductors to maintain impedance balance throughout the line.
Telegraph codeA telegraph code is one of the character encodings used to transmit information by telegraphy. Morse code is the best-known such code. Telegraphy usually refers to the electrical telegraph, but telegraph systems using the optical telegraph were in use before that. A code consists of a number of code points, each corresponding to a letter of the alphabet, a numeral, or some other character. In codes intended for machines rather than humans, code points for control characters, such as carriage return, are required to control the operation of the mechanism.
