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Concept
Gaal Kacyo
Résumé
Galkayo (Gaalkacyo, جالكعيو ) is the third-largest city in Somalia which serves as the capital of the north-central Mudug region. The city is divided into two administrative areas separated by a loose boundary.
Geographically, Galkayo is divided into four main quarters: Garsoor, Horumar, Israac, and Wadajir. Puntland fully controls Garsoor, Israac, and Horumar (The neutral areas are sited by the Old Galkayo market and the loose boundary, while Galmudug controls Wadajir in the South.
Galkayo serves as the capital of the Galkayo District. The city has grown considerably in recent times and serves as a commercial hub.
At its founding, the city was primarily inhabited by pastoralists, who sporadically fought in clan groups over resources like water and grazing land. In particular, the Darod, dominant in the North of the city, and the Hawiye, dominant in the south of the city, fought over the city due to their long-standing rivalry.
Galkayo was formally established in the late 19th century by Sultan Yusuf Ali Kenadid of the Hobyo Sultanate. Kenadid, as part of an ongoing power struggle with his rivals in the Majeerteen Sultanate, signed a treaty with the Kingdom of Italy to become a protectorate, thereby passing the city into nominal Italian control. Under Italian rule, the city's communities were split along the "Tomaselli Line" to prevent further conflict between the Darod and the Hawiye.
After World War II, Italian Somaliland became the Trust Territory of Somalia under the guidance of the United Nations. At this time, the city saw significant unity among rival groups due to growing Somali nationalism, spurred by the growing influence of the Somali Youth League, a Somali nationalist political party. Following the independence of Somalia in 1960, Galkayo was made the center of Galkayo District and the capital of Mudug region.
The city fell back into conflict during the rule of Siad Barre, who actively took advantage of class differences within the city to exercise his power.
Source officielle
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