Charity (practice)

The practice of charity is the voluntary giving of help to those in need, as a humanitarian act, unmotivated by self-interest. There are a number of philosophies about charity, often associated with religion. The word charity originated in late Old English to mean a "Christian love of one's fellows", and up until at least the beginning of the 20th century, this meaning remained synonymous with charity. Aside from this original meaning, charity is etymologically linked to Christianity, with the word originally entering into the English language through the Old French word charité, which was derived from the Latin caritas, a word commonly used in the Vulgate New Testament to translate the Greek word agape (), a distinct form of love. Charity (virtue) Over time, the meaning of charity has evolved from one of "Christian love" to that of "providing for those in need; generosity and giving" (cf. offertory), a transition which began with the Old French word charité. Thus, while the older Douay-Rheims and King James versions of the Bible translate instances of agape (such as those that appear in 1 Corinthians 13) as "charity", modern English versions of the Bible typically translate agape as "love". Alms Charitable giving is the act of giving money, goods, or time to the unfortunate, either directly or through a charitable trust or other worthy cause. Charitable giving as a religious act or duty is referred to as almsgiving or alms. The name stems from the most obvious expression of the virtue of charity; giving the recipients of it the means they need to survive. The impoverished, particularly those widowed or orphaned, and the ailing or injured, are generally regarded as proper recipients of charity. People who cannot support themselves and lack outside means of support sometimes become "beggars", directly soliciting aid from strangers encountered in public. Some groups regard charity as best distributed towards other members of their particular group.

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Bénévolat

Le bénévolat est une activité non rétribuée et librement choisie qui s'exerce en général au sein d'une institution sans but lucratif (ISBL) : association, ONG, syndicat ou structure publique. Celui ou celle qui s'adonne au bénévolat est appelé « bénévole ». L'étymologie du mot vient du latin « benevolus » qui signifie « bonne volonté ». Se sentir utile et faire quelque chose pour autrui est le moteur des bénévoles, lesquels s'impliquent dans des domaines d'activité sans rémunération aussi divers que le sport, la culture ou les loisirs, l'humanitaire, la santé, l'action sociale, la défense des droits, la défense de l'environnement et de la biodiversité ou encore l'éducation.

Donation

A donation is a gift for charity, humanitarian aid, or to benefit a cause. A donation may take various forms, including money, alms, services, or goods such as clothing, toys, food, or vehicles. A donation may satisfy medical needs such as blood or organs for transplant. Charitable donations of goods or services are also called gifts in kind. In the United States, in 2007, the Bureau of Labor Statistics found that American households in the lowest fifth in terms of wealth, gave on average a higher percentage of their incomes to charitable organizations than those households in the highest fifth.

Tsedaka

vignette|Boîte à tsedaka (pushke) en argent, Charleston, 1820, National Museum of American Jewish History, Philadelphie. vignette|Boîte à dons du Merkas Yeshivot Bnei Akiva B'Israel, années 1960-70, Tel Aviv, dans la collection du Musée juif de Suisse. La tsedaka, tzedaka, tsedaqa ou tzedaqa (en hébreu : צדקה) désigne dans le judaïsme le principe religieux de l’aumône. Le radical du mot est celui qui désigne la « justice » en hébreu ( צדק ; prononcé « tsedek »).

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