Immunité cellulaireCell-mediated immunity or cellular immunity is an immune response that does not involve antibodies. Rather, cell-mediated immunity is the activation of phagocytes, antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, and the release of various cytokines in response to an antigen. In the late 19th century Hippocratic tradition medicine system, the immune system was imagined into two branches: humoral immunity, for which the protective function of immunization could be found in the humor (cell-free bodily fluid or serum) and cellular immunity, for which the protective function of immunization was associated with cells.
Lymphocyte T auxiliaireLes lymphocytes T auxiliaires (en anglais T helper, Th), parfois appelés lymphocytes T CD4+, sont un type original de lymphocytes T, non cytotoxiques, au centre de la réponse immunitaire adaptative (aussi appelé réponse immunitaire acquise). Ils prolifèrent seulement lorsqu'ils reconnaissent certains antigènes pathogènes présentés par une cellule présentatrice d'antigène. Ils activent une quantité d'autres types de cellules qui agiront de manière plus directe sur la réponse, d'où leur autre nom de « lymphocytes T auxiliaires ».
Thalamocortical radiationsIn neuroanatomy, thalamocortical radiations also known as thalamocortical fibres, are the efferent fibres that project from the thalamus to distinct areas of the cerebral cortex. They form fibre bundles that emerge from the lateral surface of the thalamus. Thalamocortical fibers (TC fibres) have been referred to as one of the two constituents of the isothalamus, the other being microneurons. Thalamocortical fibers have a bush or tree-like appearance as they extend into the internal capsule and project to the layers of the cortex.
Polyclonal B cell responsePolyclonal B cell response is a natural mode of immune response exhibited by the adaptive immune system of mammals. It ensures that a single antigen is recognized and attacked through its overlapping parts, called epitopes, by multiple clones of B cell. In the course of normal immune response, parts of pathogens (e.g. bacteria) are recognized by the immune system as foreign (non-self), and eliminated or effectively neutralized to reduce their potential damage. Such a recognizable substance is called an antigen.
Nerf trijumeauLe nerf trijumeau (V) est le cinquième nerf crânien. C'est un nerf « mixte », c'est-à-dire composé à la fois de neurones assurant une fonction motrice (pour mordre, mâcher et avaler) et de neurones sensitifs, plus nombreux, dont la fonction est de recevoir les sensations de toucher, de douleur, etc. de la face et d'une partie de la « sphère ORL ». Ainsi les informations sensorielles en provenance du visage suivent un traitement parallèle mais distinct de l'information sensorielle provenant du reste du corps.
