Renommage de registresEn architecture des ordinateurs, on appelle renommage de registres le fait qu'une microarchitecture alloue dynamiquement les registres architecturaux à un ensemble plus vaste de registres physiques au cours de l'exécution d'un programme. Une architecture externe de processeur définit un ensemble de registres, dits architecturaux, que peuvent manipuler les programmes en langage machine. Dans une microarchitecture superscalaire, le processeur essaie d'exécuter en parallèle plusieurs instructions.
Central processing unitA central processing unit (CPU)—also called a central processor or main processor—is the most important processor in a given computer. Its electronic circuitry executes instructions of a computer program, such as arithmetic, logic, controlling, and input/output (I/O) operations. This role contrasts with that of external components, such as main memory and I/O circuitry, and specialized coprocessors such as graphics processing units (GPUs). The form, design, and implementation of CPUs have changed over time, but their fundamental operation remains almost unchanged.
Diffraction-limited systemIn optics, any optical instrument or system a microscope, telescope, or camera has a principal limit to its resolution due to the physics of diffraction. An optical instrument is said to be diffraction-limited if it has reached this limit of resolution performance. Other factors may affect an optical system's performance, such as lens imperfections or aberrations, but these are caused by errors in the manufacture or calculation of a lens, whereas the diffraction limit is the maximum resolution possible for a theoretically perfect, or ideal, optical system.
