Expansion of gamma delta+ T cells in BALB/c mice infected with Leishmania major is dependent upon Th2-type CD4+ T cells
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Emerging research on the roles of stromal cells in modulating adaptive immune responses has included a new focus on lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs). LECs are presumably the first cells that come into direct contact with peripheral antigens, cytokines, d ...
The extracellular matrix (ECM) protein fibronectin (FN) is a remarkably multifaceted molecule, including numerous fibronectin type III (FNIII) repeats carrying out different functions, which despite being extensively studied for over thirty years still pre ...
Vaccination has been regarded to as the most attractive immunotherapy for cancer because of its ability to instruct immune cells to recognize and kill tumor cells. Exosomes are one of the most recent discoveries translated from basic biology into experimen ...
New generation vaccines, which are subunit vaccines, have considerably improved safety profiles, but are often poorly immunogenic, especially when administered through mucosal routes. Also, the diversity of the mechanisms of action of infectious pathogens ...
There is an increasing clinical need for vaccines capable of enhancing antigen-specific immune responses and treatments that can induce immunological tolerance toward a single antigen. Here we explore two platforms to enhance either immunization or toleriz ...
The protective immune response to intracellular parasites involves in most cases the differentiation of IFNγ-secreting CD4(+) T helper (Th) 1 cells. Notch receptors regulate cell differentiation during development but their implication in the polarization ...
Antigen presentation is no longer the exclusive domain of cells of hematopoietic origin. Recent works have demonstrated that lymph node stromal cell (LNSC) populations, such as fibroblastic reticular cells, lymphatic and blood endothelial cells, not only p ...
Using poly(propylene sulfide) (PPS) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) as components of a nanocarrier platform, we sought to compare immune responses induced by PPS-bl-PEG polymersomes (PSs; watery-core structures, with antigen incorporated within the PSs) an ...
Cancer is a global disease and a leading cause of death worldwide. While surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy comprise the classical tools to eradicate tumors, they do not cure cancer, cannot prevent metastases, lead to side effects, and most importantly ...
Degradable polymer nanoparticles (NPs, 50nm) based on polypropylene sulfide (PPS) were conjugated to thiolated antigen and adjuvant proteins by reversible disulfide bonds and evaluated in mucosal vaccination. Ovalbumin was used as a model antigen, and anti ...