Sélection de caractéristiqueLa sélection de caractéristique (ou sélection d'attribut ou de variable) est un processus utilisé en apprentissage automatique et en traitement de données. Il consiste, étant donné des données dans un espace de grande dimension, à trouver un sous-sensemble de variables pertinentes. C'est-à-dire que l'on cherche à minimiser la perte d'information venant de la suppression de toutes les autres variables. C'est une méthode de réduction de la dimensionnalité. Extraction de caractéristique Catégorie:Apprentissage
Texture procéduraleUne texture procédurale est une créée en utilisant un algorithme de génération procédurale conçu pour produire une représentation réaliste d'éléments naturels tels que le bois, le marbre, le métal ou la pierre, ou au contraire une texture abstraite. L'aspect naturel du résultat est habituellement obtenu par l'emploi de bruit fractal et de fonctions de turbulence. Ces fonctions servent à reproduire le caractère aléatoire de ce qu'on trouve dans la nature.
Orientation (vector space)The orientation of a real vector space or simply orientation of a vector space is the arbitrary choice of which ordered bases are "positively" oriented and which are "negatively" oriented. In the three-dimensional Euclidean space, right-handed bases are typically declared to be positively oriented, but the choice is arbitrary, as they may also be assigned a negative orientation. A vector space with an orientation selected is called an oriented vector space, while one not having an orientation selected, is called .
City mapA city map is a large-scale thematic map of a city (or part of a city) created to enable the fastest possible orientation in an urban space. The graphic representation of objects on a city map is therefore usually greatly simplified, and reduced to generally understood symbology. Depending upon its target group or market, a city map will include not only the city's transport network, but also other important information, such as city sights or public institutions. The scale of a city map is usually between 1:10,000 and 1:25,000.
Varimax rotationIn statistics, a varimax rotation is used to simplify the expression of a particular sub-space in terms of just a few major items each. The actual coordinate system is unchanged, it is the orthogonal basis that is being rotated to align with those coordinates. The sub-space found with principal component analysis or factor analysis is expressed as a dense basis with many non-zero weights which makes it hard to interpret. Varimax is so called because it maximizes the sum of the variances of the squared loadings (squared correlations between variables and factors).
Krippendorff's alphaKrippendorff's alpha coefficient, named after academic Klaus Krippendorff, is a statistical measure of the agreement achieved when coding a set of units of analysis. Since the 1970s, alpha has been used in content analysis where textual units are categorized by trained readers, in counseling and survey research where experts code open-ended interview data into analyzable terms, in psychological testing where alternative tests of the same phenomena need to be compared, or in observational studies where unstructured happenings are recorded for subsequent analysis.
Specific rotationIn chemistry, specific rotation ([α]) is a property of a chiral chemical compound. It is defined as the change in orientation of monochromatic plane-polarized light, per unit distance–concentration product, as the light passes through a sample of a compound in solution. Compounds which rotate the plane of polarization of a beam of plane polarized light clockwise are said to be dextrorotary, and correspond with positive specific rotation values, while compounds which rotate the plane of polarization of plane polarized light counterclockwise are said to be levorotary, and correspond with negative values.
