Computational anatomyComputational anatomy is an interdisciplinary field of biology focused on quantitative investigation and modelling of anatomical shapes variability. It involves the development and application of mathematical, statistical and data-analytical methods for modelling and simulation of biological structures. The field is broadly defined and includes foundations in anatomy, applied mathematics and pure mathematics, machine learning, computational mechanics, computational science, biological imaging, neuroscience, physics, probability, and statistics; it also has strong connections with fluid mechanics and geometric mechanics.
Couple (mathématiques)En mathématiques, un couple de deux objets est la donnée de ces deux objets dans un ordre déterminé. Le couple des deux objets et est noté . Si et sont distincts, le couple est distinct du couple ; en cela, la notion de couple se distingue de la notion de paire où l'ordre des éléments est indifférent. Pour désigner un couple, les anglophones emploient d'ailleurs ordered pair, c’est-à-dire paire ordonnée. Les objets a et b sont appelés respectivement première composante et deuxième composante du couple (a, b).
Singular point of an algebraic varietyIn the mathematical field of algebraic geometry, a singular point of an algebraic variety V is a point P that is 'special' (so, singular), in the geometric sense that at this point the tangent space at the variety may not be regularly defined. In case of varieties defined over the reals, this notion generalizes the notion of local non-flatness. A point of an algebraic variety which is not singular is said to be regular. An algebraic variety which has no singular point is said to be non-singular or smooth.
