CatécholamineLes catécholamines sont des composés organiques synthétisés à partir de la tyrosine et jouant le rôle d'hormone ou de neurotransmetteur. Les catécholamines les plus courantes sont l'adrénaline (épinéphrine), la noradrénaline (norépinéphrine) et la dopamine. Elles sont synthétisées par les cellules de la médullosurrénale et par les neurones postganglionnaires du système nerveux orthosympathique. L'adrénaline agit en tant que neurotransmetteur dans le système nerveux central et comme hormone dans la circulation sanguine.
Fourrageagevignette|Une mère grizzli (Ursus arctos horribilis) et ses petits fourrageant dans le Parc national du Denali Le terme fourrageage ou fourragement, mot dérivé du verbe fourrager, désigne la recherche de nourriture dans la nature par les animaux et les êtres humains — . L'on peut aussi utiliser le terme d'approvisionnement. Le nourrissage désigne pour les animaux l'action de se nourrir ou le fait d'être nourri.
OctopamineOctopamine (molecular formula C8H11NO2; also known as OA, and also norsynephrine, para-octopamine and others) is an organic chemical closely related to norepinephrine, and synthesized biologically by a homologous pathway. Octopamine is often considered the major "fight-or-flight" neurohormone of invertebrates. Its name is derived from the fact that it was first identified in the salivary glands of the octopus. In many types of invertebrates octopamine is an important neurotransmitter and hormone.
Conditioned place preferenceConditioned place preference (CPP) is a form of Pavlovian conditioning used to measure the motivational effects of objects or experiences. This motivation comes from the pleasurable aspect of the experience, so that the brain can be reminded of the context that surrounded the "encounter". By measuring the amount of time an animal spends in an area that has been associated with a stimulus, researchers can infer the animal's liking for the stimulus.
Animal languageAnimal languages are forms of non-human animal communication that show similarities to human language. Animals communicate through a variety of signs, such as sounds or movements. Signing among animals may be considered complex enough to be a form of language if the inventory of signs is large. The signs are relatively arbitrary, and the animals seem to produce them with a degree of volition (as opposed to relatively automatic conditioned behaviors or unconditioned instincts, usually including facial expressions).
