Spatial cognitionSpatial cognition is the acquisition, organization, utilization, and revision of knowledge about spatial environments. It is most about how animals including humans behave within space and the knowledge they built around it, rather than space itself. These capabilities enable individuals to manage basic and high-level cognitive tasks in everyday life. Numerous disciplines (such as cognitive psychology, neuroscience, artificial intelligence, geographic information science, cartography, etc.
Gabor atomIn applied mathematics, Gabor atoms, or Gabor functions, are functions used in the analysis proposed by Dennis Gabor in 1946 in which a family of functions is built from translations and modulations of a generating function. In 1946, Dennis Gabor suggested the idea of using a granular system to produce sound. In his work, Gabor discussed the problems with Fourier analysis. Although he found the mathematics to be correct, it did not reflect the behaviour of sound in the world, because sounds, such as the sound of a siren, have variable frequencies over time.
Binding problemThe consciousness and binding problem is the problem of how objects, background and abstract or emotional features are combined into a single experience. The binding problem refers to the overall encoding of our brain circuits for the combination of decisions, actions, and perception. It is considered a "problem" due to the fact that no complete model exists. The binding problem can be subdivided into four problems of perception, used in neuroscience, cognitive science and philosophy of mind.
Gabor waveletGabor wavelets are wavelets invented by Dennis Gabor using complex functions constructed to serve as a basis for Fourier transforms in information theory applications. They are very similar to Morlet wavelets. They are also closely related to Gabor filters. The important property of the wavelet is that it minimizes the product of its standard deviations in the time and frequency domain. Put another way, the uncertainty in information carried by this wavelet is minimized.
Stimulus (physiology)In physiology, a stimulus is a detectable change in the physical or chemical structure of an organism's internal or external environment. The ability of an organism or organ to detect external stimuli, so that an appropriate reaction can be made, is called sensitivity (excitability). Sensory receptors can receive information from outside the body, as in touch receptors found in the skin or light receptors in the eye, as well as from inside the body, as in chemoreceptors and mechanoreceptors.
Sciences cognitivesthumb|283x283px|Les six disciplines scientifiques constituant les sciences cognitives et leurs liens interdisciplinaires, par l'un des pères fondateurs du domaine, G. A. Miller. Les traits pleins symbolisent les disciplines entre lesquelles existaient déjà des liens scientifiques à la naissance des sciences cognitives ; en pointillés, les disciplines entre lesquelles des interfaces se sont développées depuis lors.
GradualismGradualism, from the Latin gradus ("step"), is a hypothesis, a theory or a tenet assuming that change comes about gradually or that variation is gradual in nature and happens over time as opposed to in large steps. Uniformitarianism, incrementalism, and reformism are similar concepts. In the natural sciences, gradualism is the theory which holds that profound change is the cumulative product of slow but continuous processes, often contrasted with catastrophism.
Message subliminalUn message subliminal est un stimulus incorporé dans un objet, conçu pour être perçu au-dessous du niveau de conscience. Des techniques subliminales ont été utilisées dans la publicité ou la propagande. Le but et l'efficacité de ces techniques sont sujets à débat. Publicité subliminale Il s'agissait d'une anecdote rapportée en 1957 par James Vicary, alors responsable marketing dans l'État du New Jersey (États-Unis).
AmnésieL' (du grec ἀμνησία, amnesia) est une perte partielle ou totale de la mémoire. C'est un état pathologique qui peut être permanent ou transitoire, congénital ou acquis. Il peut être d'origine : organique : résultant de lésions cérébrales comme une tumeur, le syndrome de Korsakoff, un traumatisme crânien, un épisode anoxique ou ischémique, une maladie neurologique, l'absorption de certains produits ou médicaments (type drogues de soumission) ; fonctionnelle : troubles psychologiques comme le stress post-traumatique, une maladie psychiatrique ; préservatrice : d'après la psychanalyse, c'est un mécanisme de défense contre l'anxiété ou l'angoisse de souvenirs douloureux.
Trouble du traitement auditifLe Trouble de traitement auditif (TTA), également appelé trouble de l'audition centrale (TAC) ou trouble de traitement auditif central (TTAC), est un trouble neurodéveloppemental, ou acquis dans certains cas, qui affectent la manière dont le cerveau traite l'information auditive. Les patients atteints de ce trouble ne présentent le plus souvent aucun défaut de structure ou de fonctionnement de l'oreille interne, moyenne ou externe ; mais ils éprouvent des difficultés à traiter l'information qu'ils entendent, ce qui gêne voire empêche la discrimination, la latéralisation, la localisation et l'identification de sons, en particulier dans un environnement bruyant.
