Raman DIAL measurement of ozone and water vapor in the lower troposphere
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Raman lidars exploit the proportionality between the intensity of scattered by a Raman process laser radiation and the number density of the scattering molecules to derive water vapor mixing ratio profile. Water vapor/air mixing ratio is directly proportio ...
The adsorption of water on etched (001) surfaces of L-, D- and DL-valine crystals has been characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM) using different operational modes (contact, non-contact and electrostatic) above and below the dew point, the temperat ...
Emissions of ozone precursors have been regulated in Europe since around 1990 with air quality control measures, which resulted in reductions of nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds concentrations. In order to understand how these measures have a ...
Snowfall in Antarctica is a key term of the ice sheet mass budget that influences the sea level at global scale. Over the continental margins, persistent katabatic winds blow all year long and supply the lower troposphere with unsaturated air. We show that ...
The Raman Lidar for Meteorological Observations (RALMO) was installed at the MeteoSwiss Regional Center of Payerne, Switzerland, in summer 2008. One of its aims is to provide continuous vertical profiles of tropospheric water vapor during day and night at ...
The water vapor profile derived from Raman lidar measurements is obtained by taking the ratio of water vapor and nitrogen Raman-shifted signals. The proportionality factor that converts the signal ratio to water vapor/air mixing ratio is referred to as lid ...
