Hyperactivité vésicaleL' hyperactivité vésicale (ou vessie hyperactive, VH) est un symptôme urologique affectant la miction. Elle se caractérise par une sensation de miction impérieuse (sensation ), avec ou sans incontinence urinaire, associée à une pollakiurie diurne (> 8 épisodes) et à une nycturie (> 1 épisode). Ce symptôme affecte la qualité de vie des patients, à la fois physiologiquement et psychologiquement. Elle dérange les activités quotidiennes, elle affecte la qualité du sommeil, elle peut abaisser l’estime de soi, ainsi que le profil psychologique et sexuel des patients.
Bladder sphincter dyssynergiaBladder sphincter dyssynergia (also known as detrusor sphincter dyssynergia (DSD) (the ICS standard terminology agreed 1998) and neurogenic detrusor overactivity (NDO)) is a consequence of a neurological pathology such as spinal injury or multiple sclerosis which disrupts central nervous system regulation of the micturition (urination) reflex resulting in dyscoordination of the detrusor muscles of the bladder and the male or female external urethral sphincter muscles.
Neurogenic bladder dysfunctionNeurogenic bladder dysfunction, or neurogenic bladder, refers to urinary bladder problems due to disease or injury of the central nervous system or peripheral nerves involved in the control of urination. There are multiple types of neurogenic bladder depending on the underlying cause and the symptoms. Symptoms include overactive bladder, urinary urgency, frequency, incontinence or difficulty passing urine.
Stress incontinenceStress incontinence, also known as stress urinary incontinence (SUI) or effort incontinence is a form of urinary incontinence. It is due to inadequate closure of the bladder outlet by the urethral sphincter. It is the loss of small amounts of urine associated with coughing, laughing, sneezing, exercising or other movements that increase intra-abdominal pressure and thus increasing the pressure on the bladder. The urethra is normally supported by fascia and muscles of the pelvic floor.
Transitional epitheliumTransitional epithelium is a type of stratified epithelium. Transitional epithelium is a type of tissue that changes shape in response to stretching (stretchable epithelium). The transitional epithelium usually appears cuboidal when relaxed and squamous when stretched. This tissue consists of multiple layers of epithelial cells which can contract and expand in order to adapt to the degree of distension needed. Transitional epithelium lines the organs of the urinary system and is known here as urothelium (: urothelia).
Culture cellulaireLa culture cellulaire est un ensemble de techniques de biologie utilisées pour faire croître des cellules hors de leur organisme (ex-vivo) ou de leur milieu d'origine, dans un but d'expérimentation scientifique ou de fécondation in vitro. Les cellules mises en culture peuvent être: des micro-organismes libres (bactéries ou levures) des cellules « saines » prélevées fraîchement d'un organisme (biopsie...), on parle alors de « culture primaire ».
Hypertrophie bénigne de la prostateL'hypertrophie bénigne de la prostate aussi appelée hyperplasie bénigne de la prostate (HBP) ou hyperplasie adénomyomateuse de la prostate ou plus communément adénome prostatique est une tumeur bénigne qui se développe aux dépens de la partie crâniale de la prostate. Elle touche les sujets âgés de plus de 50 ans. En cas d'hypertrophie bénigne de la prostate, la prostate devient plus grande et exerce plus de pression sur l'urètre et la vessie, interférant ainsi avec l'écoulement normal de l'urine.
Bladder stoneA bladder stone is a stone found in the urinary bladder. Bladder stones are small mineral deposits that can form in the bladder. In most cases bladder stones develop when the urine becomes very concentrated or when one is dehydrated. This allows for minerals, such as calcium or magnesium salts, to crystallize and form stones. Bladder stones vary in number, size and consistency. In some cases bladder stones do not cause any symptoms and are discovered as an incidental finding on a plain radiograph.
Carcinome urothélialLe carcinome urothélial (ou carcinome à cellules transitionnelles) est la forme morphologique la plus fréquente de cancer des voies excrétrices (calices, bassinet, uretères, vessie, urèthre). Il représente 90 % des cancers de la vessie. Carcinome urothélial papillaire non infiltrant (TNM pT1a) Carcinome urothélial papillaire non infiltrant de bas grade (TNM pT1a - OMS 1973 G1 et G2) Carcinome urothélial papillaire non infiltrant de haut grade (TNM pT1a - OMS G3) Carcinome urothélial plan non infiltrant (TNM
Ureteral cancerUreteral cancer is cancer of the ureters, muscular tubes that propel urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. It is also known as ureter cancer, renal pelvic cancer, and rarely ureteric cancer or uretal cancer. Cancer in this location is rare. Ureteral cancer becomes more likely in older adults, usually ages 70–80, who have previously been diagnosed with bladder cancer. Ureteral cancer is usually a transitional cell carcinoma. Transitional cell carcinoma is "a common cause of ureter cancer and other urinary (renal pelvic) tract cancers.
