Role of extracellular compounds in Cd-sequestration relative to Cd uptake by bacterium Sinorhizobium meliloti
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The atomic force microscope (AFM) allows the analysis of living microorganisms in physiological conditions on the nanometer scale. The observation of bacteria in physiological aqueous medium necessitates a robust immobilization of the bacterium to the surf ...
By live-cell imaging of biological samples dynamic cellular processes can be resolved. Fluorescence microscopy (FM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) are both capable of imaging live cells. By combining these techniques structural as well as functional inf ...
Transformation is a widespread mechanism of horizontal gene transfer in bacteria. DNA uptake to the periplasmic compartment requires a DNA-uptake pilus and the DNA-binding protein ComEA. In the gram-negative bacteria, DNA is first pulled toward the outer m ...
Mechanisms to control cell division are essential for cell proliferation and survival. Bacterial cell growth and division require the coordinated activity of peptidoglycan synthases and hydrolytic enzymes to maintain mechanical integrity of the cell wall. ...
Bacterial adhesion is the first and a significant step in establishing infection. This adhesion normally occurs in the presence of flow of fluids. Therefore, bacterial adhesins must be able to provide high strength interactions with their target surface in ...
Gram-negative bacteria represent a major group of pathogens that infect all eukaryotes from plants to mammals. Gram-negative microbe-associated molecular patterns include lipopolysaccharides and peptidoglycans, major immunostimulatory determinants across p ...
During infection, microbial pathogens encounter phagocytic cells of the host innate immune system, such as macrophages and neutrophils. These encounters typically lead to uptake and killing of the bacteria by the host cell or, conversely, parasitization of ...
Microbial life in porous systems dominates the functioning of numerous ecosystems, ranging from stream sediments to soils. While these environments are characterized by structures that vary spatially over orders of magnitude, the traditional research focus ...
The consumption of fresh fruit and vegetable products has strongly increased during the past few decades. However, inherent to all minimally processed products is the short shelf life, and the risk of foodborne diseases, which have been increasingly relate ...
In the wild, bacteria are predominantly associated with surfaces as opposed to existing as free-swimming, isolated organisms. They are thus subject to surface-specific mechanics, including hydrodynamic forces, adhesive forces, the rheology of their surroun ...
