Publication

The regional pollutant budget of the atmospheric boundary layer: Concept, interpretations and observational results

Michael Lehning
1998
Article
Résumé

Regional budgets of pollutants in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) provide valuable information on transport and chemical processes, especially over complex terrain where local assessments are not representative. Horizontal transport, vertical transport (advective and non-advective), deposition, emissions and chemical production/destruction constitute the regional budget. Partial budgets using reduced sets of budget terms also have meaningful interpretations: If only horizontal and vertical advective transport is included, the corresponding budget describes the accumulation of the pollutant within the ABL. The transport terms can be estimated from simultaneous observations of wind and concentrations. Observational budget results from the areas Swiss Plateau, Heilbronn, Berlin, Vienna and Hong Kong are analyzed: On sunny summer afternoons, typical accumulation rates from larger urban areas in Europe are 1.5 ppb/h for O-3 and 0.1 ppb/h for NO2. If estimates of non-advective vertical transport and deposition are available, the budget provides net chemical production rates of secondary pollutants. Typical values for O-3 are between 2 and 5 ppb/h. In case of primary pollutants such as NO2, this budget estimates the sum of net chemical production and emission. Observational results range around 0.15 ppb/h. From the budgets, also an estimation of the fraction of locally produced or "homemade" pollution is possible and typical values from 10 to 30 % and 20 to 70 % for O-3 and NO2, respectively, are found. It is shown that all individual terms achieve non-negligible contributions to the regional budget and that the overall budget as well as the relative importance of the individual terms depend on size and extent of the budget box.

À propos de ce résultat
Cette page est générée automatiquement et peut contenir des informations qui ne sont pas correctes, complètes, à jour ou pertinentes par rapport à votre recherche. Il en va de même pour toutes les autres pages de ce site. Veillez à vérifier les informations auprès des sources officielles de l'EPFL.
Concepts associés (34)
Pollution de l'air
vignette|En 2013, l'Organisation mondiale de la santé a reconnu que la pollution de l'air extérieur est un cancérigène certain. vignette|Les émissions de monoxyde de carbone, de soufre, de suies et de particules liées à la combustion du charbon ont probablement été la première source de pollution majeure de l'air, dès le début de l'ère industrielle. Les transports ferroviaires y contribuaient largement, davantage par la construction des infrastructures (notamment la fabrication des rails) que du fait des émanations des locomotives.
Speciality chemicals
Speciality chemicals (also called specialties or effect chemicals) are particular chemical products which provide a wide variety of effects on which many other industry sectors rely. Some of the categories of speciality chemicals are adhesives, agrichemicals, cleaning materials, colors, cosmetic additives, construction chemicals, elastomers, flavors, food additives, fragrances, industrial gases, lubricants, paints, polymers, surfactants, and textile auxiliaries.
Chimie fine
vignette|Définition de la chimie fine (par opposition aux produits de base et aux spécialités) La chimie fine, ou chimie de spécialités, est une division de l'industrie chimique qui synthétise des produits répondant à des besoins spécifiques (exemples : pesticides, pigments, arômes et cosmétiques) et de faible volume de production. La chimie fine produit des molécules complexes comportant une structure carbonée comptant des dizaines d'atomes, à partir d'autres molécules de synthèse.
Afficher plus
Publications associées (38)

Wintertime vertical distribution of air pollution in suburban Fairbanks during the ALPACA 2022 field campaign

Julia Schmale, Andrea Baccarini, Roman Pohorsky

The Alaskan Layered Pollution and Chemical Analysis (ALPACA) field campaign investigated the sources and processing of wintertime urban pollution in Fairbanks, Alaska in January and February 2022. Several sites located around the city of Fairbanks collecte ...
2023

High concentration of black carbon in northern Pakistan: Characteristics, source apportionment and emission source regions

Arindam Roy

Atmospheric Black Carbon (BC) is one of the absorbing components of solar radiation which potentially affects human health and regional climate. In the current study, BC mass concentrations were regularly observed for pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons using ...
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD2023

Chemical evolution of primary and secondary biomass burning aerosols during daytime and nighttime

Athanasios Nenes, Satoshi Takahama, Spyros Pandis, Amir Yazdani

Fine particulate matter (PM) affects visibility, climate, and public health. Biomass burning (BB) in the forms of residential wood burning, wildfires, and prescribed burning is a major source of primary and secondary organic matter (OM, an important fracti ...
2022
Afficher plus
MOOCs associés (1)
SES Swiss-Energyscope
La transition énergique suisse / Energiewende in der Schweiz