Sustainable food systemA sustainable food system is a type of food system that provides healthy food to people and creates sustainable environmental, economic, and social systems that surround food. Sustainable food systems start with the development of sustainable agricultural practices, development of more sustainable food distribution systems, creation of sustainable diets, and reduction of food waste throughout the system. Sustainable food systems have been argued to be central to many or all 17 Sustainable Development Goals.
Agricultural scienceAgricultural science (or agriscience for short) is a broad multidisciplinary field of biology that encompasses the parts of exact, natural, economic and social sciences that are used in the practice and understanding of agriculture. Professionals of the agricultural science are called agricultural scientists or agriculturists. History of agricultural science In the 18th century, Johann Friedrich Mayer conducted experiments on the use of gypsum (hydrated calcium sulphate) as a fertilizer.
Point chaud de biodiversitéUn point chaud de biodiversité, ou zone critique de biodiversité, est une zone biogéographique, terrestre ou marine, possédant une grande richesse de biodiversité particulièrement menacée par l'activité humaine. Le concept des « points chauds » de biodiversité a été développé depuis 1988 à l'Université d'Oxford par l'équipe de Norman Myers, un chercheur britannique spécialisé dans les rapports entre l'écologie et l'économie.
Développement durablevignette|Diagramme de Venn du développement durable, à l'intersection de trois préoccupations, dites « les trois piliers du développement durable ».Les descriptions des intersections partielles peuvent varier. Le développement durable (, parfois traduit par développement soutenable) est une conception du développement qui s'inscrit dans une perspective de long terme et en intégrant les contraintes environnementales et sociales à l'économie.
Biomass (energy)Biomass, in the context of energy production, is matter from recently living (but now dead) organisms which is used for bioenergy production. Examples include wood, wood residues, energy crops, agricultural residues including straw, and organic waste from industry and households. Wood and wood residues is the largest biomass energy source today. Wood can be used as a fuel directly or processed into pellet fuel or other forms of fuels. Other plants can also be used as fuel, for instance maize, switchgrass, miscanthus and bamboo.
Bioénergie avec captage et stockage de dioxyde de carboneLa bioénergie avec captage et stockage de dioxyde de carbone (BECSC ; aussi connue sous son abréviation anglaise BECCS) est un processus consistant à extraire de l'énergie de la biomasse et à capturer et stocker du carbone, le retirant ainsi de l'atmosphère. L'énergie est extraite par combustion, fermentation, pyrolyse du bois ou d'autres méthodes et convertie en électricité, chaleur, biocarburants...
Sustainable productsSustainable products are those products that provide environmental, social and economic benefits while protecting public health and environment over their whole life cycle, from the extraction of raw materials until the final disposal. According to Belz, Frank-Martin., the definition of sustainable product has six characteristics: Customer satisfaction: any products or services that do not meet customer needs will not survive in the market in a long term.
BioenergyBioenergy is energy made or generated from biomass, which consists of recently living (but now dead) organisms, mainly plants. Types of biomass commonly used for bioenergy include wood, food crops such as corn, energy crops and waste from forests, yards, or farms. The IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) defines bioenergy as a renewable form of energy. Bioenergy can either mitigate (i.e. reduce) or increase greenhouse gas emissions. There is also agreement that local environmental impacts can be problematic.
Sustainable consumptionSustainable consumption (sometimes abbreviated to "SC") is the use of products and services in ways that minimizes impacts on the environment. Sustainable consumption is done in a way that needs are met for present humans but also for future generations. Sustainable consumption is often paralleled with sustainable production; consumption refers to use and disposal (or recycling) not just by individuals and households, but also by governments, businesses, and other organizations.
Aire protégéevignette|320px|Aires protégées dans plusieurs pays lusophones. De gauche à droite, et de haut en bas : , aux Açores ; parc national du Limpopo ; aire de protection de l'environnement de l'île de Maiandeua ; parc national Nino Konis Santana ; vue aérienne de la Guinée-Bissau ; parc naturel de Monte Verde (Cap-Vert) ; réserve marine Arraial do Cabo ; Parc naturel Obô de São Tomé ; réserve nationale de Niassa au Mozambique ; parc national de Peneda-Gerês au Portugal et enfin le parc national de l'Iguaçu au Brésil.
