Province autonome de BolzanoLa province autonome de Bolzano (Provincia Autonoma di Bolzano – Alto Adige ; Autonome Provinz Bozen – Südtirol ; Provinzia Autonòma de Bulsan – Südtirol), plus connue en français comme Haut-Adige, Tyrol du Sud ou Sud-Tyrol, est une province italienne, située dans le nord-est du pays, partie de la région autonome du Trentin-Haut-Adige, à la frontière de l'Autriche et de la Suisse. Depuis 2001, les deux noms, Alto Adige (italien) et Südtirol (allemand) figurent dans la Constitution italienne. Son chef-lieu est Bolzano.
Logical schemaA logical data model or logical schema is a data model of a specific problem domain expressed independently of a particular database management product or storage technology (physical data model) but in terms of data structures such as relational tables and columns, object-oriented classes, or XML tags. This is as opposed to a conceptual data model, which describes the semantics of an organization without reference to technology. Logical data models represent the abstract structure of a domain of information.
Geologic modellingGeologic modelling, geological modelling or geomodelling is the applied science of creating computerized representations of portions of the Earth's crust based on geophysical and geological observations made on and below the Earth surface. A geomodel is the numerical equivalent of a three-dimensional geological map complemented by a description of physical quantities in the domain of interest. Geomodelling is related to the concept of Shared Earth Model; which is a multidisciplinary, interoperable and updatable knowledge base about the subsurface.
Maillagethumb|Maillage d'un disque par des triangles (triangulation). Un maillage est la discrétisation spatiale d'un milieu continu, ou aussi, une modélisation géométrique d’un domaine par des éléments proportionnés finis et bien définis. L'objet d'un maillage est de procéder à une simplification d'un système par un modèle représentant ce système et, éventuellement, son environnement (le milieu), dans l'optique de simulations de calculs ou de représentations graphiques. On parle également dans le langage commun de pavage.
3D rendering3D rendering is the 3D computer graphics process of converting 3D models into 2D images on a computer. 3D renders may include photorealistic effects or non-photorealistic styles. Rendering is the final process of creating the actual 2D image or animation from the prepared scene. This can be compared to taking a photo or filming the scene after the setup is finished in real life. Several different, and often specialized, rendering methods have been developed.
Géologievignette|Discordance angulaire de Siccar Point (Écosse) où des couches peu pentées de grès rouges du Dévonien recouvrent les formations verticalisées de grauwackes du Silurien. vignette|Carte mondiale des principales plaques, massifs et chaînes de montagnes, et une sélection des principaux points chauds. La géologie est la science dont le principal objet d'étude est la Terre, et plus particulièrement la lithosphère.
Solid modelingSolid modeling (or solid modelling) is a consistent set of principles for mathematical and computer modeling of three-dimensional shapes (solids). Solid modeling is distinguished within the broader related areas of geometric modeling and computer graphics, such as 3D modeling, by its emphasis on physical fidelity. Together, the principles of geometric and solid modeling form the foundation of 3D-computer-aided design and in general support the creation, exchange, visualization, animation, interrogation, and annotation of digital models of physical objects.
Numerical modeling (geology)In geology, numerical modeling is a widely applied technique to tackle complex geological problems by computational simulation of geological scenarios. Numerical modeling uses mathematical models to describe the physical conditions of geological scenarios using numbers and equations. Nevertheless, some of their equations are difficult to solve directly, such as partial differential equations. With numerical models, geologists can use methods, such as finite difference methods, to approximate the solutions of these equations.
Massif du TibestiLe massif du Tibesti est un massif montagneux du Sahara central, situé principalement à l'extrême Nord du Tchad, avec une petite extension dans le Sud de la Libye. Son point culminant, l'Emi Koussi, se trouve au sud du massif et constitue avec d'altitude à la fois le plus haut sommet du Tchad et du Sahara. Le Bikku Bitti est pour sa part le sommet le plus élevé de Libye. Le tiers central du massif est d'origine volcanique et se compose notamment de cinq volcans boucliers majeurs surmontés de vastes caldeiras : l'Emi Koussi, le Tarso Toon, le Tarso Voon, le Tarso Yega et le Tarso Toussidé.
3D scanning3D scanner is the process of analyzing a real-world object or environment to collect three dimensional data of its shape and possibly its appearance (e.g. color). The collected data can then be used to construct digital 3D models. A 3D scanner can be based on many different technologies, each with its own limitations, advantages and costs. Many limitations in the kind of objects that can be digitised are still present. For example, optical technology may encounter many difficulties with dark, shiny, reflective or transparent objects.
