Extracellular-intracellular distribution of glucose and lactate in the rat brain assessed noninvasively by diffusion-weighted 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in vivo
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The brain is the most mysterious and intricate biological structure known to man. It dominates the way we live, think, reason and behave. It is built of billions of neurons that communicate with each other through trillions of connections using electrical ...
How the brain integrates signals from specific areas has been a longstanding critical question for neurobiologists. Two recent observations suggest a new approach to fMRI data analysis of this question. First, in many instances, the brain analyzes inputs b ...
Cerebral rates of anaplerosis are known to be significant, yet the rates measured in vivo have been debated. In order to track glutamate metabolism in brain glutamatergic neurons and brain glia, for the first time unrestrained awake rats were continuously ...
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) can be used in-vivo in a vast array of applications, such as anatomical imaging (magnetic resonance imaging, MRI), localized chemical composition characterization (magnetic resonance spectroscopy, MRS), cellular structure a ...
Water homeostasis in the brain is of central physiologic and clinical importance. Neuronal activity and ion water homeostasis are inextricably coupled. For example, the clearance of K+ from areas of high neuronal activity is associated with a concomitant w ...
The role of the inducible matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption after ischemic stroke is well accepted. Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (r-tPA) is the only approved thrombolytic treatment of ischemic stroke but r ...
Supplementing a lattice with long-range connections effectively models small-world networks characterized by a high local and global interconnectedness observed in systems ranging from society to the brain. If the links have a wiring cost associated with t ...
To monitor cellular processes in individual cells, it is important to measure the concentrations of intracellular metabolites and to retrieve them for analysis. The use of functionalized polyelectrolyte microcapsules as intracellular sensors for in vivo re ...
We present experimental results on the velocity statistics of a granular fluid with an effective stochastic thermostat, in a quasi-two-dimensional configuration. We find the base state, as measured by the single particle velocity distribution P(c) in the c ...
This paper provides an efficient method for analyzing the error probability of the belief propagation (BP) decoder applied to LT Codes. Each output symbol is generated independently by sampling from a distribution and adding the input symbols corresponding ...