Zone piétonnethumb|La rue du Gros-Horloge à Rouen, première voie piétonne de France. thumb|Rue du Petit-Champlain à Québec. Une zone piétonne, zone piétonnière, zone pour piétons, centre piétonnier, plateau piétonnier ou secteur piétonnier d'une ville est un ensemble de rues et de ruelles où la circulation est réservée aux piétons et souvent également aux cyclistes.
Agent-based modelAn agent-based model (ABM) is a computational model for simulating the actions and interactions of autonomous agents (both individual or collective entities such as organizations or groups) in order to understand the behavior of a system and what governs its outcomes. It combines elements of game theory, complex systems, emergence, computational sociology, multi-agent systems, and evolutionary programming. Monte Carlo methods are used to understand the stochasticity of these models.
Pedestrian scrambleA pedestrian scramble, also known as scramble intersection and scramble corner (Canada), 'X' Crossing (UK), diagonal crossing (US), scramble crossing (Japan), exclusive pedestrian interval, or Barnes Dance, is a type of traffic signal movement that temporarily stops all vehicular traffic, thereby allowing pedestrians to cross an intersection in every direction, including diagonally, at the same time. In Canada and the United States, It was first used in the late 1940s, but it later fell out of favor with traffic engineers there, as it increases delay for pedestrians and drivers.
Traffic flowIn mathematics and transportation engineering, traffic flow is the study of interactions between travellers (including pedestrians, cyclists, drivers, and their vehicles) and infrastructure (including highways, signage, and traffic control devices), with the aim of understanding and developing an optimal transport network with efficient movement of traffic and minimal traffic congestion problems.
Demand curveIn a demand schedule, a demand curve is a graph depicting the relationship between the price of a certain commodity (the y-axis) and the quantity of that commodity that is demanded at that price (the x-axis). Demand curves can be used either for the price-quantity relationship for an individual consumer (an individual demand curve), or for all consumers in a particular market (a market demand curve). It is generally assumed that demand curves slope down, as shown in the adjacent image.
Passage piétondroite|upright=1.5|vignette|Passage piéton à Burnaby en Colombie-Britannique (Canada). Un passage piéton (parfois appelé passage clouté, malgré la disparition des clous) est une partie de la route, aménagée afin de permettre aux piétons de circuler en sécurité sur la chaussée, généralement pour la traverser. Il est conçu pour maintenir les usagers groupés dans un espace visible par les automobilistes et où ils peuvent circuler ou traverser en toute sécurité vis-à-vis du trafic routier.
Law of demandIn microeconomics, the law of demand is a fundamental principle which states that there is an inverse relationship between price and quantity demanded. In other words, "conditional on all else being equal, as the price of a good increases (↑), quantity demanded will decrease (↓); conversely, as the price of a good decreases (↓), quantity demanded will increase (↑)". Alfred Marshall worded this as: "When we say that a person's demand for anything increases, we mean that he will buy more of it than he would before at the same price, and that he will buy as much of it as before at a higher price".
DemandIn economics, demand is the quantity of a good that consumers are willing and able to purchase at various prices during a given time. The relationship between price and quantity demand is also called the demand curve. Demand for a specific item is a function of an item's perceived necessity, price, perceived quality, convenience, available alternatives, purchasers' disposable income and tastes, and many other options. Innumerable factors and circumstances affect a consumer's willingness or to buy a good.
Marche à piedLa marche est un mode de locomotion naturel chez l'homme. Elle consiste en un déplacement en appui alternatif sur les pieds, en position debout et en ayant toujours au moins un point d'appui en contact avec le sol, sinon il s'agit de course. C'est un des principaux modes de déplacement, qui fait partie des modes dits « fatigants », « doux » ou « actifs », comme des moyens de transport tels que la bicyclette, la trottinette ou le patinage à roulettes, par opposition aux modes de transport motorisés parfois dits « passifs ».
Simulation de phénomènesLa simulation de phénomènes est un outil utilisé dans le domaine de la recherche et du développement. Elle permet d'étudier les réactions d'un système à différentes contraintes pour en déduire les résultats recherchés en se passant d'expérimentation. Les systèmes technologiques (infrastructures, véhicules, réseaux de communication, de transport ou d'énergie) sont soumis à différentes contraintes et actions. Le moyen le plus simple d'étudier leurs réactions serait d'expérimenter, c'est-à-dire d'exercer l'action souhaitée sur l'élément en cause pour observer ou mesurer le résultat.
