Retouche numériqueImage editing encompasses the processes of altering s, whether they are digital photographs, traditional photo-chemical photographs, or illustrations. Traditional analog image editing is known as photo retouching, using tools such as an airbrush to modify photographs or editing illustrations with any traditional art medium. Graphic software programs, which can be broadly grouped into vector graphics editors, raster graphics editors, and 3D modelers, are the primary tools with which a user may manipulate, enhance, and transform images.
Color printingColor printing or colour printing is the reproduction of an image or text in color (as opposed to simpler black and white or monochrome printing). Any natural scene or color photograph can be optically and physiologically dissected into three primary colors, red, green and blue, roughly equal amounts of which give rise to the perception of white, and different proportions of which give rise to the visual sensations of all other colors. The additive combination of any two primary colors in roughly equal proportion gives rise to the perception of a secondary color.
Appareil photographique numériqueUn appareil photographique numérique (ou APN) est un appareil photographique qui recueille la lumière sur un capteur photographique électronique, plutôt que sur une pellicule photographique, et qui convertit l'information reçue par ce support pour la coder numériquement. Un appareil photo numérique utilise un capteur CCD ou CMOS pour acquérir les images, et les enregistre habituellement sur des cartes mémoire (CompactFlash, SmartMedia, Memory Stick, Secure Digital, etc.).
Photographie numériqueLa photographie numérique recouvre l'ensemble des techniques permettant l'obtention d'une photographie via l'utilisation d'un capteur électronique comme surface photosensible, ainsi que les techniques de traitement et de diffusion qui en découlent. On l'oppose à la photographie argentique. Appareil photographique numérique Les systèmes optiques (objectif, viseur optique, chambre reflex), de ces appareils sont voisins des solutions argentiques.
Channel (digital image)Color digital images are made of pixels, and pixels are made of combinations of primary colors represented by a series of code. A channel in this context is the grayscale image of the same size as a color image, made of just one of these primary colors. For instance, an image from a standard digital camera will have a red, green and blue channel. A grayscale image has just one channel. In geographic information systems, channels are often referred to as raster bands.
Adobe RGBAdobe RVB est un espace de couleur Rouge Vert Bleu (RVB) créé par Adobe Systems en 1998. Il a été conçu pour les graphistes dont le travail sur écran se destine à l'impression. Le codage de couleurs sRGB antérieur à Adobe RGB, englobe un peu moins de la moitié de la totalité des couleurs visibles, qui ont toutes une représentation dans l'espace CIE 1931. Son rapport avec cet espace se fonde sur les écrans d'ordinateurs à tube cathodique, hérités de ceux de la télévision en couleurs.
Spatial correlation (wireless)In wireless communication, spatial correlation is the correlation between a signal's spatial direction and the average received signal gain. Theoretically, the performance of wireless communication systems can be improved by having multiple antennas at the transmitter and the receiver. The idea is that if the propagation channels between each pair of transmit and receive antennas are statistically independent and identically distributed, then multiple independent channels with identical characteristics can be created by precoding and be used for either transmitting multiple data streams or increasing the reliability (in terms of bit error rate).
Interference filterAn interference filter or dichroic filter is an optical filter that reflects one or more spectral bands or lines and transmits others, while maintaining a nearly zero coefficient of absorption for all wavelengths of interest. An interference filter may be high-pass, low-pass, bandpass, or band-rejection. An interference filter consists of multiple thin layers of dielectric material having different refractive indices. There also may be metallic layers.
Anti-aliasing filterAn anti-aliasing filter (AAF) is a filter used before a signal sampler to restrict the bandwidth of a signal to satisfy the Nyquist–Shannon sampling theorem over the band of interest. Since the theorem states that unambiguous reconstruction of the signal from its samples is possible when the power of frequencies above the Nyquist frequency is zero, a brick wall filter is an idealized but impractical AAF. A practical AAF makes a trade off between reduced bandwidth and increased aliasing.
Filtre (optique)vignette|Filtre optique pour la photographie. En optique, un filtre est un dispositif qui laisse passer une partie du rayonnement lumineux, sans autrement affecter son cheminement. Les filtres sont utilisés en photographie, dans de nombreux instruments d'optique comme ceux utilisés en astronomie, ainsi que pour l'éclairage de scène de spectacle. On distingue trois procédés de filtrage : le filtrage par absorption transmet ou absorbe le rayonnement selon sa longueur d'onde dans le vide.
